Displaying publications 101 - 120 of 54732 in total

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  1. Fulltext Fatal pulmonary haemorrhage in co-infection with dengue and leptospirosis
    Zyneelia. H, Hashim E
    Medicine & Health, 2017;12(1):131-137.
    MyJurnal
    Leptospirosis is an emerging infectious disease with worldwide distribution. Its symptoms may mimic a number of other infections such as dengue, malaria, hepatitis and typhoid fever, particularly in tropical countries where these diseases are endemic. Similarly, dengue is an important infectious disease that poses as a public health emergency due to its rapid epidemic spread across the world. Here, we report a fatal case of dengue fever in a patient who was also serologically positive for leptospirosis. Co-infection of both dengue and leptospirosis can lead to an illness with overlapping symptoms and therefore present a clinical diagnostic dilemma to the treating physician. Hence, a high index of suspicion among clinicians is required, especially in high endemic areas. The optimal usage of antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests is essential to aid the clinicians to make timely and accurate diagnosis as well as to start appropriate treatment regimes.
    Keywords: co-infection, communicable diseases, dengue, leptospirosis
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  2. Fulltext Effectiveness of the Laser Application in Temporomandibular Joint Disorder: A Systematic Review of 1172 Patients
    Zwiri A, Alrawashdeh MA, Khan M, Ahmad WMAW, Kassim NK, Ahmed Asif J, et al.
    Pain Res Manag, 2020;2020:5971032.
    PMID: 33005278 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5971032
    Objective: The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effectiveness of laser application in temporomandibular joint disorder.

    Methods: PubMed, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar electronic databases were searched systematically with restricting the languages to only English and year (January 2001 to March 2020), and studies were selected based on the inclusion criteria. Study quality and publication bias were assessed by using the Robvis, a software package of R statistical software.

    Results: This systematic review included 32 studies (1172 patients) based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Most of the studies reported significant reduction of pain by the use of the laser during TMD treatment. Two-thirds of the study (78.13%) found a better outcome comparing with conventional one. According to Robvis, 84.4% of the studies were high methodological studies with low risk of bias.

    Conclusion: TMD patients suffer with continuous pain for long time even after conventional treatment. Laser therapy shows a promising outcome of pain reduction for TMD patients. Therefore, laser therapy can be recommended for the TMD patients' better outcome. This trial is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020177562).

    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  3. Fulltext Modelling of hydrogen sulfide fate and emissions in extended aeration sewage treatment plant using TOXCHEM simulations
    Zwain HM, Nile BK, Faris AM, Vakili M, Dahlan I
    Sci Rep, 2020 12 17;10(1):22209.
    PMID: 33335267 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79395-8
    Odors due to the emission of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have been a concern in the sewage treatment plants over the last decades. H2S fate and emissions from extended aeration activated sludge (EAAS) system in Muharram Aisha-sewage treatment plant (MA-STP) were studied using TOXCHEM model. Sensitivity analysis at different aeration flowrate, H2S loading rate, wastewater pH, wastewater temperature and wind speed were studied. The predicted data were validated against actual results, where all the data were validated within the limits, and the statistical evaluation of normalized mean square error (NMSE), geometric variance (VG), and correlation coefficient (R) were close to the ideal fit. The results showed that the major processes occurring in the system were degradation and emission. During summer (27 °C) and winter (12 °C), about 25 and 23%, 1 and 2%, 2 and 2%, and 72 and 73% were fated as emitted to air, discharged with effluent, sorbed to sludge, and biodegraded, respectively. At summer and winter, the total emitted concentrations of H2S were 6.403 and 5.614 ppm, respectively. The sensitivity results indicated that aeration flowrate, H2S loading rate and wastewater pH highly influenced the emission and degradation of H2S processes compared to wastewater temperature and wind speed. To conclude, TOXCHEM model successfully predicted the H2S fate and emissions in EAAS system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  4. Fulltext A “near miss" congenital eventration of the right hemidiaphragm in a neonate: a case report
    Zurina Zainudin, Farah Inaz Syed Abdullah, Hong, Neoh Siew, Mughni Bahari, Irene Cheah Guat Sim
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2016;12(2):41-43.
    MyJurnal
    Focal eventration involving the posterior segment of the
    hemidiaphragm is a rare congenital anomaly. We report of a 10-
    day-old infant who presented with significant respiratory
    insufficiency and failure to show any responses to standard
    treatment. The diagnosis of focal eventration of the diaphragm
    was not anticipated until ultrasonographic examination revealed
    the defect. Diaphragmatic plication resulted in complete
    resolution of symptoms. A high level clinical awareness is
    crucial as a relatively simple surgical procedure could avert long
    term life-threatening complications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  5. Fulltext An overview of atypical bacterial in congenital pneumonia
    Zurina Zainuddin, Zainab Jumai Kassim, Siti Norbaya Masri, Putri Yubbu, Norlijah Othman, Zainab Jumai Kassim
    Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2018;24(2):1-13.
    MyJurnal
    Congenital pneumonia is one of the common causes of respiratory distress at birth with significant morbidity and mortality in infants. Estimates show that neonatal pneumonia including congenital pneumonia contributes to between 750 000 and 1.2 million neonatal deaths every year which accounts for 10% global child mortality. Etiological agents are many and vary but atypical bacterial causes are few. The commonest cause for atypical bacteria is Ureaplasma urealyticum. Congenital pneumonia is often clinically difficult to diagnose owing to poor specificity of clinical signs, with similarities in radiologic presentation with other respiratory conditions of the newborn. Isolation of causative organism (s) by culture from nasopharyngeal aspirates or tracheal aspirates obtained within 8 hours of life is the gold standard of its diagnosis. However, this technique is elaborate and time consuming in identifying atypical bacteria. Development of a more sensitive modality such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has dramatically altered the microbiological diagnosis of congenital pneumonia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  6. Fulltext Parotid abscess in a late premature infant: a case report
    Zurina Z, Wong HL, Jasminder K, Neoh SH, Cheah IG
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Dec;67(6):631-2.
    PMID: 23770964 MyJurnal
    Parotid abscess is uncommon in neonates. It is frequently related to prematurity, prolonged gavage feeding and dehydration. We report a case of a late preterm infant who developed the classical manifestation of unilateral acute Staphylococcus aureus suppurative parotitis progressing to formation of abscess which responded to surgical drainage and antibiotic therapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  7. Fulltext Dapsone syndrome--first Malaysian paediatric case report
    Zurina Z, Elizawaty O, Thevarajah S, Norlijah O
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Feb;67(1):105-7.
    PMID: 22582558
    Dapsone syndrome is a potentially fatal hypersensitivity reaction to sulphone. We report a 12-year-old girl who developed high grade fever associated with intense jaundice, exfoliative skin rash and hepatomegaly after five weeks of starting the multidrug regimen for the treatment of Hansen's disease. Laboratory investigations revealed presence of leucocytosis with eosinophilia, deranged liver enzymes and an abnormal coagulation profile. Immediate cessation of the offending drug and administration of steroid proved successful. A high level of clinical awareness is fundamental for early diagnosis of dapsone syndrome as initiation of a prompt treatment may lead to rapid recovery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  8. Late onset group b beta-hemolytic streptococcus infection in a neonate manifesting as a urinary tract infection: a rare clinical presentation
    Zurina Z, Rohani A, Neela V, Norlijah O
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2012 Nov;43(6):1470-3.
    PMID: 23413711
    Group B beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GBS) sepsis is a serious bacterial infection in neonates, with significant morbidity and mortality. We report here a neonate with late onset GBS infection manifesting as a urinary tract infection (UTI) in an infant presenting with prolonged neonatal jaundice. The pathogenesis of this late onset is postulated.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  9. Fulltext Is household smoking a risk factor for caries? A case-control study
    Zurina AM, Asma' M, Raja Latifah RJ, Noriah Y
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43(11):1729-1735.
    Recent studies suggested that exposure to household smoking (HHS) could be a modifiable risk factor for caries development among children. Majority of the studies were cross sectional in nature. Therefore, a case-control study was designed to test the hypothesis that HHS is a risk factor to caries experience in permanent teeth. Calculation of sample size was based on the ratio of 1 case to 4 controls. Case was defined as a child aged 13-14 years old with caries in at least one second permanent molar and control was defined as a child from the same age and school with no caries second permanent molars. Matching was done for gender and ethnicity. School dental records provided information on oral health status and oral hygiene status. Information on HHS, socio-economic status, child’s smoking status and child’s oral health practices were obtained from a self- administered questionnaire, completed by the children and their parents. The result showed that 55.9% of the case group was exposed to HHS, as compared to 44.1% among the control group. In the final multiple logistic regression model after controlling for important risk factors for caries, children with caries were almost twice as likely to have been exposed to HHS for more than 10 years as compared to children with no caries, (Adjusted OR=1.90 and 95% CI=1.35, 2.60). In addition, children who only received dental care from the school dental service had reduced risk of having dental caries by more than one third (36%) as compared with those who received dental care from school dental service (SDS) as well as had additional dental problem solving visit outside SDS (Adjusted OR=0.64 and 95% CI=0.50, 0.90). It is concluded that exposure to HHS for a long duration (> than 10 years) increase the risk to have caries experience in permanent teeth of children.
    Study site: 12 secondary schools, Kelang District, Selangor, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  10. Childhood ischemic stroke caused by fibromuscular dysplasia of the intracranial artery--case report
    Zurin AA, Houkin K, Asano T, Ishikawa T, Abe H
    Neurol. Med. Chir. (Tokyo), 1997 Jul;37(7):542-5.
    PMID: 9259154
    An 8-year-old girl presented with fibromuscular dysplasia of the intracranial vessels manifesting as ischemic stroke. Neuroimaging showed infarction of the right putamen and ipsilateral frontal white matter. Angiography revealed "string of beads" sign involving the terminal portion of the right internal carotid artery and the horizontal segment of the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery. She was treated conservatively. Magnetic resonance angiography at 2 months post ictus showed similar findings in the middle cerebral artery but improvement of the stenosis of the internal carotid artery. Her neurological deficits had almost resolved. Fibromuscular dysplasia should be part of the differential diagnosis of ischemia in children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  11. Fulltext Continuous genotyping for human rotavirus group a
    Zuridah H
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Oct;67(5):548.
    PMID: 23770884
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  12. Fulltext Molecular characterization and epidemiology of rotavirus isolates obtained from children with diarrhoea in Malaysia
    Zuridah H, Kirkwood CD, Bishop RF, Bogdanovic-Sakran N, Yap KL
    Med J Malaysia, 2009 Sep;64(3):193-6.
    PMID: 20527266 MyJurnal
    This retrospective study examined the G/P type of rotavirus in RNA samples that have previously been e-typed by RNA-PAGE in 1996. The results were then compared to 2007 samples to ascertain the extent of changes that may have occurred in this 11-years time interval. The G and P genotypes were determined by hemi-nested PCR and further analysed by phylogenetic study. In 1996, the G/P combination G1P[8], G(UT)P[8] and G1P(UT) prevalence rate were 81%, 9% and 7%, respectively. As expected, the G9 genotype which has already emerged worldwide was identified in 42% of the 2007 samples with the remaining 33% G1P[8] and 25% G1P(UT) Analysis of the RNA pattern showed that majority of the isolates were long e-type in both series, nevertheless minor differences within electropherotypes were observed. Genetic diversity in some strains of the human group A rotaviruses was analysed by phylogenetic methods. These findings will help in the decision to introduce rotavirus vaccines within the next decade.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  13. Circulating human group A rotavirus genotypes in Malaysia
    Zuridah H, Kirkwood CD, Bogdanovic-Sakran N, Bishop RF, Yap KL
    J Med Virol, 2010 Apr;82(4):707-11.
    PMID: 20166178 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.21717
    This study examined the temporal distribution of rotavirus genotypes in Malaysia. Rotaviruses from children with diarrhea admitted to hospitals in 1996 (n = 93) and 2007 (n = 12) in two different regions of Peninsular (West) Malaysia were analyzed for their G and P genotypes using a hemi-nested RT-PCR assay. In the 2007 samples, the dominant strain was G9P[8]. It was identified in 42% of the samples. Different strains all possessing the G1 genotype were identified in the rest of the samples. In contrast, 81% of the samples collected in 1996 were the G1P[8] strain. No strains with G9 genotype were detected in samples collected in 1996.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  14. Fulltext Rotavirus RNA electropherotype in different states in Malaysia for the year 2000 and 2001
    Zuridah H, Bahaman AR, Mohd Azmi ML, Mutalib AR
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Jun;59(2):153-9.
    PMID: 15559163 MyJurnal
    A total of 157 stool samples were examined for Group A rotaviruses in diarrheic children admitted to 8 different major hospitals in Malaysia. The overall incidence rate in this study was 19.7% (31 of 157) with a variation of 9.5% to 39.1% in different locations. Majority of the infections detected were in those under 2 years of age and there were fewer admissions in the older age group. The stool samples were initially screened for rotavirus Group A by latex agglutination method and followed by RNA electrophoresis. The size and the characteristics wheel-shaped morphology of the viral preparations when examined by electron-microscopy further confirmed the presence of rotaviruses in the positive stool samples. Analysis of the RNA pattern showed that majority of the isolates, 51.6% (16 of 31) were Type IIC ('long' with comigration of RNA segments 7 and 8), 35.5% (11 of 31) with Type IIG ('long' with comigration of segments 7, 8, 9), 9.7% (3 of 31) with Type IG ('short' with comigration of RNA segments 7, 8, 9) and 3.2% (1 of 31) of mixed or atypical pattern. It appeared that over a 12 year interval, only one new or unusual rotavirus electropherotype was found. This is the first comprehensive report on the electropherotypes of rotaviruses covering eight different geographical locations in Malaysia and the data obtained is useful for understanding the geographic distribution and types of rotaviruses transmitting in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  15. Fulltext Caring for moderate to severe dementia patients - Malaysian family caregivers experience
    Zuria Idura A.M., Noorlaili M.T., Rosdinom R., Azlin B.., Tuti Iryani M.D.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2018;17(1):93-102.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Caring for those with dementia affects the quality of life for both the caregivers and the patients themselves, particularly in the informal care system here in Malaysia. To date, only a few studies have explored from the family caregivers’ perspectives in the communities of different cultural background. The purpose of this study is to describe the Malaysian family caregivers’ perspectives of their experiences in providing care to for their family members suffering from moderate to severe dementia in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Methods: This qualitative study involved in-depth individual interviews with twelve caregivers to patients with moderate to severe dementia. Participants were recruited via purposive sampling from the outpatient psycho-geriatric clinic at UKM Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcribed data was later analysed using a thematic approach. Results: Four themes identified in this study were; i) the feeling that ‘it is like caring for a baby’, ii) the caregivers’ perception of inadequate knowledge and skills, iii) the need for caregivers’ support system and iv) the importance of spirituality in enhancing care giving experiences. Conclusions: The framework of care shared by the caregivers in this study demonstrated strong cultural and spirituality influences in addition to the common issues of the challenges in managing the behavioural and psychological symptoms in people with dementia. Hence, culture and spirituality aspects should be addressed in the development of appropriate intervention to manage the needs of informal caregivers in this community.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  16. Fulltext Barriers to utilization of oral health care services among antenatal mothers in Kuantan, Pahang [Abstract]
    Zurainie Ablla, Karimah Hanim Abdul Aziz, Nurjasmine Aida Jamani
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(21):40.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: During pregnancy, increased acidity in the mouth increases the risk of antenatal mother to get dental caries. It is worsen if antenatal mother has morning sickness like vomiting during pregnancy. It can aggravate the problem by exposing the teeth to more gastric acid. In addition, antenatal mothers have hormonal changes that they are more susceptible to periodontal problems. Therefore, it is important for antenatal mother to get dental treatment and use oral health service. This study aim is to describe barriers to utilisation of oral health care services among antenatal mothers attending the Klinik Kesihatan Ibu dan Anak around Kuantan. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study which was conducted among purposely selected 296 antenatal mothers aged 18-45 years from Kuantan, Pahang in 18 months duration. Study used validated self-administered questionnaire to obtain information on the variables of interest. Results: Common barriers to utilization of services among antenatal mothers are fear to dental pain (45.6%), time constraints- busy at workplace (36.5%) and feeling of not having any dental problems (36.1%). Meanwhile the least barrier to oral health care services among antenatal mothers is attitude of the dentist (0.7%), followed by attitude of the staff (1.4%) and condition of treatment room (1.7%) Conclusion(s): Fear of dental pain is the main barrier to utilization of service among antenatal mothers and dissatisfaction of the service provided is the least barrier among other factors.
    KEYWORDS: barriers, antenatal, pregnant mothers, dental caries, periodontal
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  17. Fulltext Promising Nutritional Fruits Against Cardiovascular Diseases: An Overview of Experimental Evidence and Understanding Their Mechanisms of Action
    Zuraini NZA, Sekar M, Wu YS, Gan SH, Bonam SR, Mat Rani NNI, et al.
    Vasc Health Risk Manag, 2021;17:739-769.
    PMID: 34858028 DOI: 10.2147/VHRM.S328096
    Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries, affecting millions of individuals each year. Despite the fact that successful therapeutic drugs for the management and treatment of CVDs are available on the market, nutritional fruits appear to offer the greatest benefits to the heart and have been proved to alleviate CVDs. Experimental studies have also demonstrated that nutritional fruits have potential protective effects against CVDs. The aim of the review was to provide a comprehensive summary of scientific evidence on the effect of 10 of the most commonly available nutritional fruits reported against CVDs and describe the associated mechanisms of action. Relevant literatures were searched and collected from several scientific databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar and Scopus. In the context of CVDs, 10 commonly consumed nutritious fruits including apple, avocado, grapes, mango, orange, kiwi, pomegranate, papaya, pineapple, and watermelon were analysed and addressed. The cardioprotective mechanisms of the 10 nutritional fruits were also compiled and highlighted. Overall, the present review found that the nutritious fruits and their constituents have significant benefits for the management and treatment of CVDs such as myocardial infarction, hypertension, peripheral artery disease, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, dyslipidemias, ischemic stroke, aortic aneurysm, atherosclerosis, cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure, diabetic cardiovascular complications, drug-induced cardiotoxicity and cardiomyopathy. Among the 10 nutritional fruits, pomegranate and grapes have been well explored, and the mechanisms of action are well documented against CVDs. All of the nutritional fruits mentioned are edible and readily accessible on the market. Consuming these fruits, which may contain varying amounts of active constituents depending on the food source and season, the development of nutritious fruits-based health supplements would be more realistic for consistent CVD protection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  18. Fulltext Innovation of buying and selling process for used reference materials
    Zuraini Jusoh, Nur Amirah Zainal, Nurhidayah Abu Bakar, Dina Adriana Mohd Rahmatullah, Nur Zulaikha Ab Rahman, Farah Adibah Ahmad Zaifuddin, et al.
    Jurnal Inovasi Malaysia, 2020;4(1):132-149.
    MyJurnal
    Students need the used of reference materials because they want to save their money for daily expenses. It is also as their side income if they become as a seller. However, the available buying and selling process using Whatsapp as a medium seen inefficient because the user was faced with several problems. Among the problems were incomplete advertisements information, sale status cannot be updated automatically and the process of buying and selling takes too long. Therefore, the construction of the BOOKU webpage is recommended to solve the problems. There was a several methods used in problem selection phase such as brain storming, preliminary study of problems, verification and validation as well as T-shape Matrix. Ishikawa diagram has been used to identify the cause and effect of the problem in terms of material, process, human and environmental factors. A review from user also was carried out to obtain an endorsement of the problem in hand. Then the SWOT analysis method was used to assess the suggestion solution. After the completion construction of BOOKU webpage, a few trials were carried out to ensure the BOOKU webpage functioned properly. Again, a review from the user was carried out based on the trials results. The result showed majority of users was agreed on the BOOKU webpage as a good solution for identified problems. The BOOKU webpage can provide a completed advertisement, automatically updated the sale status and the buying and selling process has been shorten from seven days to one day. For the spin-off project, the BOOKU website is planned to be devoted to the borrowing service for used of reference materials. Meanwhile for the purpose of replicating, the BOOKU webpage can be adapted in the school level. In conclusion, the BOOKU webpage can increase the quality of available process. It also can optimize the use of manpower and time.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  19. Parasitic infection among foreign workers: serological findings
    Zurainee MN
    JUMMEC, 2002;7:70-76.
    We describe the results of serology for parasitic infection of 698 foreign workers. The 698 foreign workers participated included 115 Indonesians, 387 Bangladeshis, 101 Burmese, 81 Pakistanis, 6 Indians, 3 Thais, 3 Filipinoes and 2 others. Blood samples were taken from these workers and eight tests (Amoebiasis, Echinococcosis, Filariasis (bm and wb), Leishmaniasis, Malaria, Schistosomiasis and Trypanosomiasis) were performed on serum separated from the blood. Among the 698 sera tested, 38.1% were found to be positive for at least one parasitic infection. The most common antibody detected in the positive sera was antibody for amoebiasis (28.1%), followed by malaria (26.9%), echinococcosis (18.1%) and schistosomiasis (11.6%). Other tests showed a low percentage of infection with leshmaniasis (6.5%), filariasis (Brugia malayi (3%) and Wuchereria bancrofti (1%)) and trypanosomiasis (1%).
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
  20. Fulltext Development of Malay Version of Vertigo Symptom Scale (MVVSS) for clinical use
    Zuraida, Z., Mohd Normani, Din Suhaimi, S., Zalina, I., Geshina, M. S.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2010;6(2):31-39.
    MyJurnal
    Background: Vertigo Symptom Scale (VSS) by Yardley et al. (1992) is one of the disease specific
    questionnaires used widely in clinical settings. It is conducted in English and had been translated into six languages including Dutch, French, German, Spanish, Swedish, and Turkish. It has been acknowledged as a good subjective tool to determine the severity of balance disorders. Objective: To develop a valid Malay version of VSS (MVVSS) using appropriate translation methods and validation technique. Method: Forward and backward translation was performed by four professionals from different fields. The translated questionnaire was then assessed for its test reliability based on an experiment on 30 normal subjects. Further, to determine the cultural adaptation issues, the face validity of MVVSS was assessed from 32 normal subjects. They were asked to fill in the MVVSS questionnaire accordingly and give opinions regarding its language, understanding and overall format of questionnaire. Results: Final results of the translation process showed sufficient concurrence among the professionals involved. The reliability test among the normal subjects also showed a high Cronbach’s alpha value (0.90). The face validity method on 32 subjects (mean age of 29.9 ± 9.2 years) showed good feedbacks in terms of language, understanding and overall format of the MVVSS. Conclusion: The translation process was successful and the further validation showed an adequate face validity response. This suggests that our MVVSS has been culturally adapted and can be used in all Malay conversing patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Humans
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