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Fulltext Prenylated flavonols from the leaves of macaranga gigantea (rchb.F. & Zoll.)

M. Sulaiman M. Johari, Norizan Ahmat, Aisyah S. Kamarozaman, M. Hamizan M. Isa

Scientific Research Journal, 2019;16(1):29-40.
MyJurnal

The genus Macaranga comes from the family of Euphorbiaceae and it is the only genus in the subtribe Macaranginae that have a large genus with 300 species of which 27 species were found in Peninsular Malaysia. This plant grows as shrubs or trees that can grow up to 15 m tall and known for their mutual associations with ants. Fresh or dried leaves of some Macaranga species were used by traditional healers to treat swellings, cuts, sores, boils and bruises. The isolation of chemical constituent from this genus has been shown to produce numerous results of phenolic compounds, such as flavonoids and stilbenoids. In this paper, we report the isolation of a prenylated flavonol, glyasperin A (1), together with a simple flavone apigenin (2) from the methanolic extract of the leaves of Macaranga gigantea. The structure of both compounds has been elucidated based on its spectroscopic data, including mass spectroscopy (MS), infrared (IR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis), 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra and comparison with the previous literature.
Growth inhibition of foodborne and nosocomial pathogens by aqueous fraction of bearded Argostemma (Argostemma involucratum Hemsl., Rubiaceae)

Wiart C, Hannah A, Yusof M, Hamimah H, Sulaiman M

J Herb Pharmacother, 2005;5(3):97-102.
PMID: 16520301

The crude methanol extract of Bearded Argostemma (Argostemma involucratum Hemsl., Rubiaceae) showed a good and broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The activity was increased on fractionation (hexane, dichloromethane and water), particularly in the aqueous fraction which was more active than the methanol extract and streptomycin (no activity was shown against tested moulds). Both the hexane and dichloromethane fractions were inactive. The objective of this experiment was to investigate the antibacterial activity of hexane, dichloromethane, and aqueous fractions of Argostemma involucratum Hemsl. The aqueous fraction of Bearded Argostemma may be a possible new option for the treatment of bacterial infections.
Antimicrobial activity of Acalypha siamensis Oliv. ex Gage

Wiart C, Hannah A, Yassim M, Hamimah H, Sulaiman M

J Ethnopharmacol, 2004 Dec;95(2-3):285-6.
PMID: 15507350

The hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol fractions of leaves of Acalypha siamensis Oliv. ex Gage were evaluated for antibacterial and antifungal activity. The antibacterial activity was more pronounced in the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts. No activity was shown against tested moulds.
Fulltext Alteration in morphological features of Puntius javanicus liver exposed to copper sulfate

Sabullah, M. K., Gansau, A. J., Ahmad, S. A., Shamaan, N. A., Khalid, A., Sulaiman, M. R.

International Food Research Journal, 2017;24(3):1314-1320.
MyJurnal

The environmental toxicants such as copper are known to affect vital organ especially liver.
This study examined the effects of copper sulfate (CuSO4) on the liver morphological structure
of P. javanicus. The untreated control, 0.1 and 0.3 mg/L CuSO4 treated groups displayed normal
polygonal structure of the hepatocyte. However, at the concentrations of 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 mg/L
CuSO4, the hepatostructure was significantly affected, as shown by the increasing number of
dilation and congestion of sinusoids, vacuolation, macrophage activities and peliosis. The
damage level and HSI value were increased while the number of hepatic nuclei per mm2 was
decreased with the increasing of copper concentration. In conclusion, this study shows that the
degree of liver damage in P.javanicus is dependent to the dose exposure.
Antimicrobial activity of tiger's betel (Piper porphyrophyllum N.E. Br., Piperaceae)

Wiart C, Hannah NA, Yassim M, Hamimah H, Sulaiman M

Phytother Res, 2004 Sep;18(9):783-4.
PMID: 15478188

The ethanol extract of leaves of Piper porphyrophyllum N.E. Br. showed a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. The activity was increased on fractionation (hexane, dichloromethane and aqueous), particularly in the aqueous fraction. No activity was shown against tested Candida albicans.
Cross flow ultrafiltration studies on solutions of pectin with pulsatile flow in-situ cleaning

Shamel MM, Sulaiman NM, Sulaiman MZ

Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol, 1999 Sep-Nov;27(5-6):447-53.
PMID: 10595447

A study was conducted to evaluate the cross flow tubular ultrafiltration behavior of aqueous solutions of pectin. The effectiveness of pulsatile flow as a cleaning-in-place (CIP) technique to improve permeate flux was undertaken on the above mentioned solution. This investigation is part of a study to apply membrane filtration in the clarification of tropical fruit juice. The main variables, which were investigated, include the concentration of pectin, pulse frequency and amplitude. It was found that the amount of pectin in the solution significantly affects its ultrafiltration behavior. From the observed profiles, it is evident that the formation of gel layer on the membrane surface is responsible for the leveling of flux at high pressures. The presence of pectin was found to affect the properties of the solution such as viscosity, pH and the size of pectin colloid. Improvements in the permeate flux for pectin solution were obtained by employing pulsatile flow cleaning-in-place technique. Both pulse frequency and amplitude are important parameters that can improve the improvement of in-situ cleaning method. Similar to several findings reported in the literature, pulsatile flow showed significant effectiveness of about 60% higher flux when the ultrafiltration process is operated under laminar condition.
In vivo anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the aqueous extract of the leaves of Piper sarmentosum

Zakaria ZA, Patahuddin H, Mohamad AS, Israf DA, Sulaiman MR

J Ethnopharmacol, 2010 Mar 2;128(1):42-8.
PMID: 20035852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2009.12.021

Ethnopharmacological relevance: Piper sarmentosum (Piperaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used by the Malays to treat headaches, toothaches, coughs, asthma and fever.

Aim of the study: In order to establish the pharmacological properties of the leaf of this plant, studies were performed on anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities.

Materials and methods: The aqueous extract of Piper sarmentosum (AEPS) was prepared in the doses of 30, 100 and 300 mg/kg. Anti-nociceptive activity of AEPS was evaluated by abdominal constriction and hot-plate tests. AEPS was also pre-challenged with 5mg/kg naloxone to determine the involvement of opioid receptors. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema assay.

Results: Subcutaneous administration of AEPS exhibited anti-nociceptive activity (P<0.05) in a dose-dependent manner in the abdominal constriction and hot-plate tests. Pre-treatment with naloxone completely (P<0.05) diminished the extract anti-nociceptive activity in both tests. The AEPS, at all doses used, exerted significant (P<0.05) anti-inflammatory activity in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusions: The AEPS exhibits opioid-mediated anti-nociceptive activity at the peripheral and central levels, as well as anti-inflammatory activity, which confirmed the traditional uses of the plant in the treatment of pain- and inflammatory-related ailments.
Antiviral properties of ent-labdene diterpenes of Andrographis paniculata nees, inhibitors of herpes simplex virus type 1

Wiart C, Kumar K, Yusof MY, Hamimah H, Fauzi ZM, Sulaiman M

Phytother Res, 2005 Dec;19(12):1069-70.
PMID: 16372376

Andrographolide, neoandrographolide and 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide, ent-labdene diterpenes isolated from Andrographis paniculata showed viricidal activity against herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). None of these compounds exhibited significant cytotoxicity at viricidal concentrations.
Antinociceptive effect of Melastoma malabathricum ethanolic extract in mice

Sulaiman MR, Somchit MN, Israf DA, Ahmad Z, Moin S

Fitoterapia, 2004 Dec;75(7-8):667-72.
PMID: 15567242

The antinociceptive effect of the ethanolic extract of Melastoma malabathricum (MME) was investigated using acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test and hot-plate test in mice. It was demonstrated that the extract (30-300 mg/kg, i.p.) strongly and dose-dependently inhibited the acetic acid-induced writhing with an ED(50) of 100 (78-160) mg/kg i.p. It also significantly increased the response latency period to thermal stimuli. Furthermore, the nonselective opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone blocked the antinociceptive effect of the extract in both tests, suggesting that M. malabathricum may act both at peripheral and central levels.
Enhancement of ovalbumin-specific IgA responses via oral boosting with antigen co-administered with an aqueous Solanum torvum extract

Israf DA, Lajis NH, Somchit MN, Sulaiman MR

Life Sci, 2004 Jun 11;75(4):397-406.
PMID: 15147827

An experiment was conducted with the objective to enhance mucosal immunity against ovalbumin (OVA) by co-administration of OVA with an aqueous extract from the fruit of Solanum torvum (STE). Five groups of female ICR mice aged approximately 8 weeks at the commencement of the experiment were caged in groups of eight and received various treatments. The treatments included OVA alone, OVA with cholera toxin (CT), and OVA with various doses of STE. Mice were primed intraperitoneally with 500 microg of OVA alone or co-administered with 0.1 microg CT, or with 1 microg STE. All mice were boosted orally via gastric intubation 14 days after priming with 10 mg OVA alone, or co-administered with 10 microg CT or with 10 mg, 1 mg or 0.1 mg STE. One week later all mice were killed and organs obtained for analysis of the immune response. Intestinal, faecal and pulmonary OVA-specific sIgA concentration was significantly increased (p<0.05) in mice that received booster combinations of OVA/CT and OVA with all extract doses (p<0.05). Specific serum IgG titres did not differ significantly between groups. It is concluded that STE can significantly enhance secretory immunity in the intestine to OVA with mucosal homing to the lungs. The adjuvant effect of STE is comparable to that of CT.
Antimicrobial screening of plants used for traditional medicine in the state of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia

Wiart C, Mogana S, Khalifah S, Mahan M, Ismail S, Buckle M, et al.

Fitoterapia, 2004 Jan;75(1):68-73.
PMID: 14693223

Seventy-two extracts (methanol) obtained from the leaves, barks, and roots of 50 plant species used in the traditional medicine of Perak, Peninsular Malaysia, have been screened for antibacterial and antifungal activities. Peristrophe tinctoria, Polyalthia lateriflora, Knema malayana, Solanum torvum, Celosia argentea, Eclipta prostrata, Ancistrocladus tectorius, Dillenia suffruticosa, Piper stylosum and Rafflesia hasseltii displayed the broadest spectrum of activity.
Acceptance towards social network information system for earlier detection of Influenza outbreak

Sulaiman MH, Aizuddin AN, Hod R, Puteh SEW

Med J Malaysia, 2021 03;76(2):145-150.
PMID: 33742620

INTRODUCTION: Influenza outbreak causes high economic burden to Malaysia and other countries in South East Asia. Scientists have found a relatively new way to detect influenza outbreaks early thus reducing the burden of disease by early intervention. This new technology is a social network information system which uses Facebook or Twitter data to detect potential influenza cases. Such system is good to be developed by the Malaysian government as it can detect influenza outbreaks three weeks earlier than the normal pathway. However, to implement this we require good evidence that the development will be accepted by potential users.
OBJECTIVE: This study was looking at the acceptance towards using social network information system among public health workers.
MATERIALS AND METHOD: This study was done on 205 Malaysian One Health University Network (MyOHUN) members through email and physical survey.
RESULTS: Results show that 62.4% public health workers accepted the use technology. The acceptance was shown to be associated with performance expectancy (p<0.05). However, unlike the very famous Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model, the acceptance of social network information system was not associated with effort expectancy, social factors, facilitating conditions and socio-demographic factors. Therefore, it is suggested that social network information system be developed by the authorities in Malaysia, and be developed in a way that the system could strongly increase performance in detection of outbreak earlier than the current normal pathways. As such the system to be accepted and used, it must be sensitive, specific and be able to detect influenza outbreak early CONCLUSION: The development of social network information system is feasible as it is highly accepted and it's potential to improve early detection of influenza outbreak.
Effect of various antagonists on the Channa striatus fillet extract antinociception in mice

Zakaria ZA, Sulaiman MR, Mat Jais AM, Somchit MN

Can J Physiol Pharmacol, 2005 Jul;83(7):635-42.
PMID: 16091789

The effects of an aqueous supernatant of haruan (ASH) (Channa striatus) fillet extract on various antinociception receptor system activities were examined using a mouse abdominal-constriction model. Mice that were pretreated with distilled water, s.c., followed 10 min later by administration of 25%, 50%, and 100% concentration ASH, s.c., produced a significant concentration-dependent antinociceptive activity (p < 0.001). Pretreatment with naloxone (0.3, 1.0, and 3.0 mg/kg body mass), 10 min before ASH administration, failed to block the extract antinociception. Pretreatment of the 100% concentration ASH with mecamylamine (5 mg/kg), pindolol (10 mg/kg), and haloperidol (1 mg/kg) also did not cause any significant change in its antinociception. However, pretreatment with atropine (5 mg/kg), bicuculline (10 mg/kg), phenoxybenzamine (10 mg/kg), and methysergide (5 mg/kg) were found to reverse ASH antinociception. Based on the above findings, the ASH is suggested to contain different types of bioactive compounds that act synergistically on muscarinic, GABAA, alpha-adrenergic, and serotonergic receptor systems to produce the observed antinociception.
The rainforest of Southeast Asia, particularly Malaysia, is endowed with several medicinal plants species

Wiart C, Akaho E, Hannah M, Yassim M, Hamimah H, Au TS, et al.

Am J Chin Med, 2005;33(4):683-5.
PMID: 16173541
Lupus manifestations in children with primary immunodeficiency diseases: Comprehensive phenotypic and genetic features and outcome

Al-Mayouf SM, Alreefi HA, Alsinan TA, AlSalmi G, AlRowais A, Al-Herz W, et al.

Mod Rheumatol, 2021 Nov;31(6):1171-1178.
PMID: 33563058 DOI: 10.1080/14397595.2021.1886627

OBJECTIVES: To report the phenotypic, genetic findings and outcome of children with lupus manifestations associated with primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs).
METHODS: Data are retrospectively collected on patients with lupus manifestations and PIDs seen between 1998 and 2019. Data comprised the clinical findings and genetic testing, the response to treatment and the accrual damage related to SLE.
RESULTS: A total of 39 patients (22 female) were reviewed. Thirty-four patients had lupus manifestations and six patients with SLE-like manifestations. Genetic analysis was performed in 25 patients. Complement deficiency was the most frequent PIDs; 26 patients were C1q deficient, three patients had C3 deficiency, two patients had C4 deficiency and one patient with heterozygous C8b variant. The other seven patients had different PIDs genetic defects that include SCID caused by PNP deficiency, CGD, CVID (PIK3CD), IL-2RB mutation, DNase II deficiency, STAT1 mutation, ISG15 mutation and Griscelli syndrome type 3. Mucocutaneous lesions, arthritis and lung involvement were the main clinical features. 84.1% experienced recurrent infections. The mean accrual damage was 2.7 ± 2.2. There were five deaths because of infection.
CONCLUSION: This study suggests that patients with lupus manifestations and early onset disease, family history of SLE or recurrent infections should undergo immunological work-up and genetic testing to rule out PIDs.
Fulltext Involvement of monoaminergic system in the antidepressant-like effect of aqueous extract of Channa striatus in mice

Saleem AM, Taufik Hidayat M, Jais AM, Fakurazi S, Moklas MA, Sulaiman MR, et al.

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2013;17(15):2019-22.
PMID: 23884821

BACKGROUND: In our previous study, the aqueous extract of Channa striatus (family: Channidae) fillet (AECSF) showed an antidepressant-like effect in mice. However, the mechanism of the antidepressant-like effect is unknown.
AIM: The objective of this study was to explore the involvement of monoamines in the antidepressant-like effect of AECSF in mice.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: AECSF was prepared by steaming the fillets of C. striatus. The male ICR mice were pretreated with various monoaminergic antagonists viz., p-chlorophenylalanine (100 mg/kg, i.p.), prazosin (1 mg/kg, i.p.) and yohimbine (1 mg/kg, i.p.), SCH23390 (0.05 mg/kg, s.c.) and sulpiride (50 mg/kg, i.p.) followed by treatment with AECSF and tested in tail suspension test (TST). Two-way ANOVA with Tukey test were used at p < 0.05 for significance.
RESULTS: The pretreatments with p-chlorophenylalanine, prazosin and yohimbine, but not with SCH23390 and sulpiride, were able to reverse the antidepressant-like effect of AECSF in TST.
CONCLUSIONS: The antidepressant-like effect of AECSF may be mediated through the serotonergic and noradrenergic systems and not through the dopaminergic system.
Antidepressant-like effect of aqueous extract of Channa striatus fillet in mice models of depression

Saleem AM, Taufik Hidayat M, Mat Jais AM, Fakurazi S, Moklas M, Sulaiman MR, et al.

Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2011 Jul;15(7):795-802.
PMID: 21780549

Channa (C.) striatus (Malay-Haruan), is a fresh water snakehead fish, consumed as a rejuvenating diet in post-parturition period in local Malay population. The aqueous extract of C. striatus fillet (AECSF) was reported to act through serotonergic receptor system in a previous study. There is no scientific report on neuropharmacological effects of C. striatus. Based on these data, the antidepressant-like effect of C. striatus was evaluated in mice models of depression.
Preliminary analysis of the anti-inflammatory activity of essential oils of Zingiber zerumbet

Zakaria ZA, Mohamad AS, Ahmad MS, Mokhtar AF, Israf DA, Lajis NH, et al.

Biol Res Nurs, 2011 Oct;13(4):425-32.
PMID: 21112917 DOI: 10.1177/1099800410386590

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been widely used for the treatment of inflammation. However, despite their effectiveness, most NSAIDs cause various side effects that negatively affect the management of inflammation and, in part, pain. Thus, there is a need to search for new anti-inflammatory agents with few, or no, side effects. Natural products of plant, animal, or microorganism origin have been good sources of new bioactive compounds. The present study was carried out to evaluate the acute and chronic anti-inflammatory activities of the essential oil of the rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet (Zingiberaceae) using the carrageenan-induced paw edema and cotton pellet-induced granuloma tests, respectively. The effect of the essential oil on inflammatory- and noninflammatory-mediated pain was also assessed using the formalin test. Essential oil of Z. zerumbet, at doses of 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg, was administered intraperitoneally to rats. The substance exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity both in acute and chronic animal models. The essential oil also inhibited inflammatory- and noninflammatory-mediated pain when assessed using the formalin test. In conclusion, the essential oil of Z. zerumbet possessed anti-inflammatory activity, in addition to its antinociceptive activity, which may explain its traditional uses to treat inflammatory-related ailments.
Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of the ethanol extract of Alpinia conchigera rhizomes in various animal models

Sulaiman MR, Zakaria ZA, Mohamad AS, Ismail M, Hidayat MT, Israf DA, et al.

Pharm Biol, 2010 Aug;48(8):861-8.
PMID: 20673172 DOI: 10.3109/13880200903302820

Alpinia conchigera Griff. (Zingiberaceae), locally known to the Malays as "lengkuas ranting", is native to Peninsular Malaysia. The Malays traditionally used it to treat infection and rashes, and as a health drink. This study evaluated the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanol extract of A. conchigera rhizomes in mice and rats, respectively. The analgesic activity was elucidated using the acetic acid-induced writhing test, hot plate test, and formalin test, while the anti-inflammatory activity was determined using carrageenan-induced paw edema. The extract (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg) given intraperitoneally (i.p.) exhibited antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in all tests used. The range of percentage of analgesia obtained for all doses of extract in the writhing test was 50-92%, and in the early and late phases of the formalin test was 25-62% and 63-98%, respectively. In addition, naloxone (5 mg/kg) given subcutaneously (s.c.) was found to reverse the extract (300 mg/kg)-induced antinociceptive activity in the writhing, hot plate, and formalin tests. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of A. conchigera rhizomes possessed a peripheral and central antinociceptive activity that was mediated, in part, via the opioid receptor, as well as anti-inflammatory activity.
Anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract of ficus deltoidea

Zakaria ZA, Hussain MK, Mohamad AS, Abdullah FC, Sulaiman MR

Biol Res Nurs, 2012 Jan;14(1):90-7.
PMID: 21278166 DOI: 10.1177/1099800410395378

Ficus deltoidea (Family Moraceae) leaves have been used traditionally by the Malays to treat ailments such as wounds, sores, and rheumatism. The aim of the present study was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract of F. deltoidea leaf (FDA) using acute and chronic inflammatory models. FDA, in the doses of 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg, was administered intraperitoneally in rats (n = 6) before the animals were subjected to the carrageenan-induced paw edema test, cotton pellet-induced granuloma test, and formalin test. The first two tests represent acute and chronic models of inflammation, respectively. The first and second phases of the formalin test represent neurogenic pain and inflammatory-mediated pain, respectively; thus, only the second phase was measured in the present study. Results showed that FDA exerted significant (p < .05) anti-inflammatory activity in all assays, with dose-response effects seen in the paw edema and formalin tests. In conclusion, the leaf of F. deltoidea possesses anti-inflammatory activity against acute and chronic inflammatory responses and against pain-associated inflammatory response. These findings justify the traditional uses of F. deltoidea leaves for treatment of inflammatory-mediated ailments.

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