Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 124 in total

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  1. Chen BJ, Jamaludin NS, Khoo CH, See TH, Sim JH, Cheah YK, et al.
    J Inorg Biochem, 2016 10;163:68-80.
    PMID: 27529597 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.08.002
    Four compounds, R3PAu[S2CN(CH2CH2OH)2], R=Ph (1) and cyclohexyl (2), and Et3PAuS2CNRꞌ2, Rꞌ=Rꞌ=Et (3) and Rꞌ2=(CH2)4(4), have been evaluated for antibacterial activity against a panel of 24 Gram positive (8) and Gram negative (16) bacteria. Based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) scores, compounds 1 and 2 were shown to be specifically potent against Gram positive bacteria whereas compounds 3 and, to a lesser extent, 4 exhibited broad range activity. All four compounds were active against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Time kill assays revealed the compounds to exhibit both time- and concentration-dependent pharmacokinetics against susceptible bacteria. Each compound was bactericidal against one or more bacteria with 3 being especially potent after 8h exposure; compounds 1 and 3 were bactericidal against MRSA. Compound 3 was the most effective bactericide across the series especially toward B. subtilis, S. saprophyticus, A. hydrophila, P. vulgaris, and V. parahaemolyticus. This study demonstrates the potential of this class of compounds as antibacterial agents, either broad range or against specific bacteria.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria/growth & development*
  2. Boey KPY, Zhu P, Tan H, Abdullah MAB, Tang KF, Li MM, et al.
    Transfus Med, 2022 Feb;32(1):82-87.
    PMID: 34862686 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12834
    OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of cryopreservation in post-thaw umbilical cord blood units for the survivability of Gram-positive bacteria strains.

    BACKGROUND: Microbial screening is required for all cord blood units (CBUs). Four gram-positive contaminants were documented to survive cryopreservation poorly and isolation of other contaminants were reported.

    METHODS: Forty-eight contaminated CBUs detected with either Staphylococcus epidermidis, Corynebacterium species, Peptostreptococcus or Streptococcus species before cryopreservation were used in this study. CBUs were processed, DMSO-infused and microbial screened before cryopreservation. Post-thaw microbial screening was achieved using 1 and 10 ml inoculants in BACTEC culture bottles. Positive bottles were subjected for microbial identification and results were compared with those from pre-freeze.

    RESULTS: A higher rate of microbial contamination was found using the 10 ml inoculant. Screening of 11 CBUs did not detect any contaminants while 30 CBUs screened detected more than one unknown contaminants and majority of contaminants were identified to be gram-negative species.

    CONCLUSION: A higher inoculation volume used at post-thaw for microbial screening improves contamination detection but leads to the loss of precious cord blood. Some contaminants did not survive cryopreservation or were not identified due to their low microbial levels. Contrasting contaminants found at post-thaw suggest the improvements made in detection and identification of contaminants over the years.

    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria*
  3. Jing H, Liu Z, Kuan SH, Chieng S, Ho CL
    Molecules, 2021 May 21;26(11).
    PMID: 34064160 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113084
    Recently, microbial-based iron reduction has been considered as a viable alternative to typical chemical-based treatments. The iron reduction is an important process in kaolin refining, where iron-bearing impurities in kaolin clay affects the whiteness, refractory properties, and its commercial value. In recent years, Gram-negative bacteria has been in the center stage of iron reduction research, whereas little is known about the potential use of Gram-positive bacteria to refine kaolin clay. In this study, we investigated the ferric reducing capabilities of five microbes by manipulating the microbial growth conditions. Out of the five, we discovered that Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus outperformed the other microbes under nitrogen-rich media. Through the biochemical changes and the microbial behavior, we mapped the hypothetical pathway leading to the iron reduction cellular properties, and found that the iron reduction properties of these Gram-positive bacteria rely heavily on the media composition. The media composition results in increased basification of the media that is a prerequisite for the cellular reduction of ferric ions. Further, these changes impact the formation of biofilm, suggesting that the cellular interaction for the iron(III)oxide reduction is not solely reliant on the formation of biofilms. This article reveals the potential development of Gram-positive microbes in facilitating the microbial-based removal of metal contaminants from clays or ores. Further studies to elucidate the corresponding pathways would be crucial for the further development of the field.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria/metabolism*
  4. Alswat AA, Ahmad MB, Saleh TA, Hussein MZB, Ibrahim NA
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2016 Nov 01;68:505-511.
    PMID: 27524047 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.06.028
    Nanocomposites of zinc oxide loaded on a zeolite (Zeolite/ZnO NCs) were prepared using co-precipitation method. The ratio effect of ZnO wt.% to the Zeolite on the antibacterial activities was investigated. Various techniques were used for the nanocomposite characterization, including UV-vis, FTIR, XRD, EDX, FESEM and TEM. XRD patterns showed that ZnO peak intensity increased while the intensities of Zeolite peaks decreased. TEM images indicated a good distribution of ZnO-NPs onto the Zeolite framework and the cubic structure of the zeolite was maintained. The average particle size of ZnO-nanoparticles loaded on the surface of the Zeolite was in the range of 1-10nm. Moreover, Zeolite/ZnO NCs showed noticeable antibacterial activities against the tested bacteria; Gram- positive and Gram- negative bacteria, under normal light. The efficiency of the antibacterial increased with increasing the wt.% from 3 to 8 of ZnO NPs, and it reached 87% against Escherichia coli E266.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria/growth & development*
  5. Tay ST, Merican AM, Abdul Jabar K, Velayuthan RD, Ayob KA, Lee JL, et al.
    Int J Infect Dis, 2023 Nov;136:77-80.
    PMID: 37660726 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.08.025
    We report the isolation of a rare Gram-positive coccobacillary bacterium from synovial fluids of a patient with periprosthetic joint infection on three occasions over an 8-month period. As routine microbiological methods were not able to identify the isolate definitely, sequence analyses of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene and whole genome were performed. Analysis of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene showed the highest similarity (98.1%) with that of Falsarthrobacter (previously known as Arthrobacter) nasiphocae, which was first isolated from the nasal cavities of common seals (Phoca vitulina). The genome size of the strain (designated as UM1) is 2.4 Mb. With a high G+C content (70.4 mol%), strain UM1 is phylogenetically most closely related to F. nasiphocae based on whole genome analysis. Strain UM1 was susceptible to vancomycin, linezolid, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, doxycycline, and intermediate to penicillin and ciprofloxacin. Ceftriaxone resistance was noted. The patient who was also on hemodialysis for his end stage kidney disease died approximately 3 weeks following implant removal and fusion with an external fixator. This study describes the first isolation of F. nasiphocae from human clinical samples. The use of emerging technologies has supported more definitive etiological diagnosis associated with rarely encountered organisms in periprosthetic joint infection.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria
  6. Farouk AE, Benafri A
    Saudi Med J, 2007 Sep;28(9):1422-4.
    PMID: 17768473
    Objective: To evaluate methanolic, ethanolic, acetone and aqueous extracts from different parts of Eurycoma longifolia (E. longifolia) (leave, stem, and root) for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and to utilize the leaves and stem parts rather than the root, which is already used for male sexual enhancement in Malaysia.

    Methods: The study took place in the Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Biotechnology Engineering Department, Malaysia between January 2005 and June 2006. Methanolic, ethanolic, acetone and aqueous extracts of leaves, stems and roots of E. longifolia were investigated for their antibacterial properties using Agar-well diffusion method.

    Results: The alcoholic and acetone extracts of the leaves and stem extracts were active on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria except against 2 strains of Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi). The root extracts had no antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria tested. Aqueous leaves extract showed antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Serratia marscesens.

    Conclusion: The alcoholic and acetone extracts from leaves and stems of E. longifolia contain potent antibacterial agent(s). This plant can serve as a potential source of antibacterial compounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects*; Gram-Positive Bacteria/growth & development
  7. Buru AS, Pichika MR, Neela V, Mohandas K
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2014 May 14;153(3):587-95.
    PMID: 24613273 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.02.044
    Cinnamomum species have been widely used in many traditional systems of medicine around the world. In the Malaysian traditional system of medicine, the leaves, stem bark and stem wood of Cinnamomum iners, Cinnamomum porrectum, Cinnamomum altissimum and Cinnamomum impressicostatum have been used to treat wound infections. To study the antibacterial effects of Cinnamomum iners, Cinnamomum porrectum, Cinnamomum altissimum and Cinnamomum impressicostatum against common bacteria found in wound infections with primary focus on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects*; Gram-Positive Bacteria/growth & development
  8. Rahman ZA, Harun A, Hasan H, Mohamed Z, Noor SS, Deris ZZ, et al.
    Eye Contact Lens, 2013 Sep;39(5):355-60.
    PMID: 23982472 DOI: 10.1097/ICL.0b013e3182a3026b
    Ocular surface infections that include infections of conjunctiva, adnexa, and cornea have the potential risk of causing blindness within a given population. Empirical antibiotic therapy is usually initiated based on epidemiological data of common causative agents. Thus, the aims of this study were to determine the bacterial agents and their susceptibility patterns of isolates from ocular surface specimens in our hospital.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects*; Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification
  9. Yusof MI, Yusof AH
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Dec;59(5):574-7.
    PMID: 15889557
    Staphylococcus aureus infection remains the commonest organism causing musculoskeletal infection and antibiotic is the mainstay of treatment apart from adequate and appropriate surgical intervention. The exact figure of antibiotic resistance in orthopaedic practice is not known but it is expected to be higher than previously reported as the use of antibiotics is rampant. Its sensitivity to various antibiotics differs from one center to another making local surveillance necessary. From 66 patients with musculoskeletal infections studied in our centre, Staphylococcus aureus was cultured in 50-65% of patients, depending on the sample taken. Fifteen percent of this were methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Staphylococcus aureus was found to be sensitive to cloxacillin in 95% of patients' sample. MRSA remained highly sensitive to vancomycin, clindamycin and fucidic acid.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects*; Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification
  10. Marimuthu K, Gunaselvam P, Aminur Rahman M, Xavier R, Arockiaraj J, Subramanian S, et al.
    Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2015 May;19(10):1895-9.
    PMID: 26044237
    Sea urchin gonad is considered as a highly prized delicacy in several countries. It is also rich in valuable bioactive compounds including polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and β-carotene. This study was undertaken to examine the antimicrobial properties of the ovary extract from sea urchin Diadema setosum against selected Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects*; Gram-Positive Bacteria/growth & development
  11. Lee WX, Basri DF, Ghazali AR
    Molecules, 2017 Mar 17;22(3).
    PMID: 28304328 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030463
    The antibacterial activity of pterostilbene in combination with gentamicin against six strains of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were investigated. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of pterostilbene were determined using microdilution technique whereas the synergistic antibacterial activities of pterostilbene in combination with gentamicin were assessed using checkerboard assay and time-kill kinetic study. Results of the present study showed that the combination effects of pterostilbene with gentamicin were synergistic (FIC index < 0.5) against three susceptible bacteria strains: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli O157 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15442. However, the time-kill study showed that the interaction was indifference which did not significantly differ from the gentamicin treatment. Furthermore, time-kill study showed that the growth of the tested bacteria was completely attenuated with 2 to 8 h treatment with 0.5 × MIC of pterostilbene and gentamicin. The identified combinations could be of effective therapeutic value against bacterial infections. These findings have potential implications in delaying the development of bacterial resistance as the antibacterial effect was achieved with the lower concentrations of antibacterial agents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects; Gram-Positive Bacteria/ultrastructure
  12. Sirajuddin SA, Sundram S
    Braz J Microbiol, 2020 Sep;51(3):919-929.
    PMID: 32078730 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-020-00241-0
    Both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria can take up exogenous DNA when they are in a competent state either naturally or artificially. However, the thick peptidoglycan layer in Gram-positive bacteria's cell wall is considered as a possible barrier to DNA uptake. In the present work, two transformation techniques have been evaluated in assessing the protocol's ability to introduce foreign DNA, pBBRGFP-45 plasmid which harbors kanamycin resistance and green fluorescent protein (GFP) genes into a Gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus cereus EB2. B. cereus EB2 is an endophytic bacterium, isolated from oil palm roots. A Gram-negative bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa EB35 was used as a control sample for both transformation protocols. The cells were made competent using respective chemical treatment to Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and kanamycin concentration in the selective medium was also optimized. Preliminary findings using qualitative analysis of colony polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-GFP indicated that the putative positive transformants for B. cereus EB2 were acquired using the second transformation protocol. The positive transformants were then verified using molecular techniques such as observation of putative colonies on specific media under UV light, plasmid extraction, and validation analyses, followed by fluorescence microscopy. Conversely, both transformation protocols were relatively effective for introduction of plasmid DNA into P. aeruginosa EB35. Therefore, this finding demonstrated the potential of chemically prepared competent cells and the crucial step of heat-shock in foreign DNA transformation process of Gram-positive bacterium namely B. cereus was required for successful transformation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects; Gram-Positive Bacteria/genetics; Gram-Positive Bacteria/growth & development
  13. Idris MI, Tai SML, Tan CT, Tan KS
    Case Rep Neurol, 2020 12 14;12(Suppl 1):106-109.
    PMID: 33505281 DOI: 10.1159/000500950
    Streptococcus pneumoniae are Gram-positive bacteria that are responsible for many types of illnesses including pneumonia, sinus infections, and community-acquired meningitis. One important complication of bacterial meningitis is intracranial vasculopathy. Possible etiologies include vasculitis, vasospasm, endocarditis, or intra-arterial thrombosis. We present a case report of S. pneumoniae meningitis treated with antibiotics in which clinical improvement correlated with serial transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (TCD) improvement, suggesting vasospasm or vasculitis as a possible mechanism for intracranial vasculopathy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria
  14. Ahmad Sabri NS, Mohd Zulkeflle SN, Yusof N, Md Akhir FN, Othman N, Zakaria Z, et al.
    Microbiol Resour Announc, 2021 May 06;10(18).
    PMID: 33958405 DOI: 10.1128/MRA.00332-21
    Staphylococcus spp. are Gram-positive bacteria that reside within the normal microbiota of humans and animals but pose a health threat as reservoirs of antimicrobial resistance genes. Here, we present the draft genome sequences of three Staphylococcus sp. strains isolated from hospital wastewater in Malaysia that demonstrated resistance to multiple antibiotics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria
  15. Al-Ahmad, Basma Ezzat Mustafa, Muhannad Ali Kashmoola, Nur Aini Zakaria
    MyJurnal
    Recurrent oral ulcer is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by mucosa
    ulceration, which was believed to have bacterial etiology. Streptococcus mutans is one of the
    bacteria which have been implicated in this case; it is gram-positive bacteria that reside in the
    biofilms on the tooth surfaces. The aim of this study was to evaluate Streptococcus mutans content
    in saliva of recurrent oral ulcer patients and its role as a prognostic factor. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria
  16. Sha'arani S, Azizan SNF, Md Akhir FN, Muhammad Yuzir MA, Othman N, Zakaria Z, et al.
    Water Sci Technol, 2019 Nov;80(9):1787-1795.
    PMID: 32039910 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.433
    Staphylococcus sp. as Gram-positive and Escherichia coli as Gram-negative are bacterial pathogens and can cause primary bloodstream infections and food poisoning. Coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation processes could be a reliable treatment for bacterial removal because suspended, colloidal, and soluble particles can be removed. Chemical coagulants, such as alum, are commonly used. However, these chemical coagulants are not environmentally friendly. This present study evaluated the effectiveness of coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation processes for removing Staphylococcus sp. and E. coli using diatomite with standard jar test equipment at different pH values. Staphylococcus sp. demonstrated 85.61% and 77.23% significant removal in diatomite and alum, respectively, at pH 5. At pH 7, the removal efficiency decreased to 79.41% and 64.13% for Staphylococcus sp. and E. coli, respectively. At pH 9, there was a decrease in Staphylococcus sp. after adding diatomite or alum compared with that of E. coli. The different removal efficiencies of the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria could be owing to the membrane composition and different structures in the bacteria. This study indicates that diatomite has higher efficiency in removing bacteria at pH 5 and can be considered as a potential coagulant to replace alum for removing bacteria by the coagulation process.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria
  17. Yusrabbil Amiyati Yusof, Azhar Ariffin
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:621-625.
    Glycerol is a valuable co-product from oleochemical industry such as from fatty acid and biodiesel production. By having three hydroxyl groups in its molecule, glycerol can undergo chemical modifications that lead to many possible applications. This paper reports the tosylation process of glycerol with para-toluenesulfonyl chloride (p-TsCl). Reaction of glycerol with p-TsCl in the presence of a base produced mono-, di- and tri-tosylate of glycerol even though the reaction was carried out at the mole ratio of 1.2:1.0 of glycerol to p-TsCl. The compounds were successfully isolated and characterized. Mono-, di- and tri-tosylate of glycerol exhibited inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive bacteria) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (gram negative bacteria).
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria
  18. Raja NS
    J Microbiol Immunol Infect, 2007 Feb;40(1):39-44.
    PMID: 17332905
    Diabetes mellitus is a progressive disease with chronic complications. Foot infections are a major complication of diabetes and eventually lead to development of gangrene and lower extremity amputation. The microbiological characteristics of diabetic foot infections have not been extensively studied in Malaysia. This study investigated the microbiology of diabetic foot infections and their resistance to antibiotics in patients with diabetic foot infections treated at University of Malaya Medical Centre in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria/classification; Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects; Gram-Positive Bacteria/isolation & purification*
  19. Tan KK, Khoo TJ, Rajagopal M, Wiart C
    Nat Prod Res, 2015;29(24):2346-9.
    PMID: 25738993 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2015.1013954
    Chloroform extract of bark of Artabotrys crassifolius Hook.f. & Thomson exhibited antibacterial activities against both American Type Culture Collection and clinical bacterial strains in vitro with zones of inhibition ranging from 7 to 14 mm. Further analysis of this extract yielded artabotrine, liridine, lysicamine and atherospermidine. Artabotrine displayed a broad array of antibacterial activity mostly against Gram-positive bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 1.25 μg/mL to 5 μg/mL. Of note, artabotrine, liridine and lysicamine are bactericidal against Gram-negative extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella with MIC values equal 2.5, 2.5 and 10 μg/mL, respectively, and minimum bactericidal concentrations values equal to 2.5, 5 and 20 μg/mL.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects
  20. Ramachandran H, Iqbal MA, Amirul AA
    Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2014 Sep;174(2):461-70.
    PMID: 25099372 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1080-2
    Microbial pigments are gaining intensive attention due to increasing awareness of the toxicity of synthetic colours. In this study, a novel polymer-producing bacterium designated as Cupriavidus sp. USMAHM13 was also found to produce yellow pigment when cultivated in nutrient broth. Various parameters such as temperature, pH and ratio of culture volume to flask volume were found to influence the yellow pigment production. UV-Visible, Fourier transform infrared and (13)C-nuclear magnetic resonance analyses revealed that the crude yellow pigment might probably represent new bioactive compound in the carotenoid family. The crude yellow pigment also exhibited a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria with their inhibition zones and minimal inhibitory concentrations ranged from 25 to 38 mm and from 0.63 to 2.5 mg/ml, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the identification and characterization of yellow pigment produced by bacterium belonging to the genus Cupriavidus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Gram-Positive Bacteria/drug effects
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