Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 102 in total

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  1. Inventory routing problem with carbon emission consideration
    Nur Arina Bazilah Aziz
    MATEMATIKA, 2019;35(1):39-49.
    MyJurnal
    Inventory Routing Problem (IRP) has been continuously developed and improved due to pressure from global warming issue particularly related to greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission. The burning of fossil fuel for transportations such as cars, trucks, ships, trains, and planes primarily emits GHGs. Carbon dioxide (CO2) from burning of fossil fuel to power transportation and industrial process is the largest contributor to global GHGs emission. Therefore, the focus of this study is on solving a multi-period inventory routing problem (MIRP) involving carbon emission consideration based on carbon cap and offset policy. Hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) based on allocation first and routing second is used to compute a solution for the MIRP in this study. The objective of this study is to solve the proposed MIRP model with HGA then validate the effectiveness of the proposed HGA on data of different sizes. Upon validation, the proposed MIRP model and HGA is applied on real-world data. The HGA is found to be able to solve small size and large size instances effectively by providing near optimal solution in relatively short CPU execution time.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  2. Fulltext PHILOS Plate as a Fixation of Proximal Humeral Fracture: A Revisit
    Mohd Shaffid Md Shariff, Hanizah Ngadiron, Firdaus Hayati, Nornazirah Azizan, Affirul Chairil Ariffin
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2019;13(2):39-43.
    MyJurnal
    Fracture is common after trauma. Proximal humeral fracture can occur in the elderly after fall and in youngsters after motor vehicle accidents (MVA) and sport injuries. A 37-year-old man was admitted with a fracture of his left proximal humerus following an MVA. He sustained a 3-part fracture and treated surgically using a PHILOS plate. There are few options in managing proximal humerus fracture ranging from conservative to surgical intervention based on its severity. We reminiscent the usage of PHILOS plate as a mode of treatment of such fracture.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  3. Fulltext Investigation of a Dengue Outbreak in Ibu Pejabat Kontigen (IPK) Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, 2017
    Lim, Carol Kai Joo
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2018;12(101):41-42.
    MyJurnal
    Dengue is a viral infection caused by four types of viruses (DENV-1, DENV- 2, DENV-3, DENV-4) and transmitted through the bite of infected Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus female mosquitoes that feed both indoors and outdoors during the daytime (from dawn to dusk). These mosquitoes thrive in areas with standing water, including puddles, water tanks, containers and old tyres. There were a total of 35 dengue outbreaks under PKK KK with four active outbreaks in the year 2017. One uncontrolled outbreak occurred at Ibu Pejabat Kontigen (IPK) Kota Kinabalu from 16 November 2017 to 21 December 2017.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  4. Fulltext A Multitasking Electrical Impedance Tomography System Using Titanium Alloy Electrode
    Salama A, Malekmohammadi A, Mohanna S, Rajkumar R
    Int J Biomed Imaging, 2017;2017:3589324.
    PMID: 29225613 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3589324
    This paper presents a multitasking electrical impedance tomography (EIT) system designed to improve the flexibility and durability of an existing EIT system. The ability of the present EIT system to detect, locate, and reshape objects was evaluated by four different experiments. The results of the study show that the system can detect and locate an object with a diameter as small as 1.5 mm in a testing tank with a diameter of 134 mm. Moreover, the results demonstrate the ability of the current system to reconstruct an image of several dielectric object shapes. Based on the results of the experiments, the programmable EIT system can adapt the EIT system for different applications without the need to implement a new EIT system, which may help to save time and cost. The setup for all the experiments consisted of a testing tank with an attached 16-electrode array made of titanium alloy grade 2. The titanium alloy electrode was used to enhance EIT system's durability and lifespan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  5. Backtracking search algorithm in CVRP models for efficient solid waste collection and route optimization
    Akhtar M, Hannan MA, Begum RA, Basri H, Scavino E
    Waste Manag, 2017 Mar;61:117-128.
    PMID: 28153405 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.01.022
    Waste collection is an important part of waste management that involves different issues, including environmental, economic, and social, among others. Waste collection optimization can reduce the waste collection budget and environmental emissions by reducing the collection route distance. This paper presents a modified Backtracking Search Algorithm (BSA) in capacitated vehicle routing problem (CVRP) models with the smart bin concept to find the best optimized waste collection route solutions. The objective function minimizes the sum of the waste collection route distances. The study introduces the concept of the threshold waste level (TWL) of waste bins to reduce the number of bins to be emptied by finding an optimal range, thus minimizing the distance. A scheduling model is also introduced to compare the feasibility of the proposed model with that of the conventional collection system in terms of travel distance, collected waste, fuel consumption, fuel cost, efficiency and CO2 emission. The optimal TWL was found to be between 70% and 75% of the fill level of waste collection nodes and had the maximum tightness value for different problem cases. The obtained results for four days show a 36.80% distance reduction for 91.40% of the total waste collection, which eventually increases the average waste collection efficiency by 36.78% and reduces the fuel consumption, fuel cost and CO2 emission by 50%, 47.77% and 44.68%, respectively. Thus, the proposed optimization model can be considered a viable tool for optimizing waste collection routes to reduce economic costs and environmental impacts.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  6. Fulltext The Physical And Psychological Morbidity In Maxillofacial Trauma Patients
    Au Yong, S.W. L., Ummu Aiman, Y., Rahman, Z.A.A.
    Ann Dent, 1999;6(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    The aim of this research is to study how the physical changes in the maxillofacial trauma patients affect them psychologically in patients of different ages, sexes, races, socioeconomic backgrounds, types and severity of injury. The study was conducted by doing a questionnaire survey, which was divided into physical and psychological components. In the physical component, the questions were mainly related to the physical injuries to the patient, which could be visualized clinically and functionally. The psychological component consisted of analyzing the impact of the maxillofacial trauma to the psychological profile. Twenty patients of both sexes and ages, ranged from 15 to 62 years old were interviewed. The main cause of trauma was from motor vehicle accidents. This study appears to show that maxillofacial trauma may have a psychological impact on patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  7. Fulltext Religion and spirituality as intervention for post traumatic stress disorder following motor vehicle accidents
    Rafidah, B., Muhammad Najib, M.A., Muhammad Radhi, A.M., Ismail, M.S.
    Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2014;23(2):81-85.
    MyJurnal
    This case series reports four patients who used religion and spirituality to relieve symptoms of post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following motor vehicle accidents. Their symptoms subsided after a few weeks and the recovery is sustained after one month. This demonstrates that in a country where psychological help is still scarce and religion is central to its culture, intervention based on spirituality and religion can be used as an alternative early intervention to relieve symptoms of PTSD and hence protects them from developing the condition.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  8. Fulltext Cost implication analysis of concrete and Masonry waste in construction project
    Kasvar, K.K., Nagapan, S., Abdullah, A.H., Ullah, K., Deraman, R., Yunus, R., et al.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(105):177-184.
    MyJurnal
    Concrete and masonry waste are the main types of waste typically generated at a construction project. There is a lack of studies in the country regarding the cost implication of managing these types of construction waste To address this need in Malaysia, the study is carried out to measure the disposal cost of concrete and masonry waste. The study was carried out by a site visit method using an indirect measurement approach to quantify the quantity of waste generated at the project. Based on the recorded number of trips for waste collection, the total expenditure to dispose the waste were derived in three construction stages. Data was collected four times a week for the period July 2014 to July 2015. The total waste generated at the study site was 762.51 m3 and the cost incurred for the 187 truck trips required to dispose the waste generated from the project site to the nearby landfill was RM22,440.00. The findings will be useful to both researchers and policy makers concerned with construction waste.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  9. Fulltext Serum cortisol level and survival rate of juvenile Epinephelus fuscoguttatus following exposure to different salinities
    Tahir D, Shariff M, Syukri F, Yusoff FM
    Vet World, 2018 Mar;11(3):327-331.
    PMID: 29657425 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.327-331
    Background and Aim: Brown-marbled grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus is a premium marine food fish with high demand in Asia. In fish, stress due to environmental changes such as fluctuations in the salinity can result in increased cortisol level. Stress in fish increases susceptibility to diseases ultimately resulting in death. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the salinity tolerance of E. fuscoguttatus and their survival in lower salinities.

    Materials and Methods: In this study, grouper juveniles (92.43±standard error of the mean 0.51 mm) maintained in 31 ppt seawater were transferred into five tanks with seawater diluted to 25, 20, 15, 10, and 5 ppt. The salinity of the control group was not changed and was maintained at 31 ppt. Serum cortisol was measured using ELISA at 0, 30, 60, and 120 min after the fish were transferred to the different concentrations of salinity.

    Results: The survival percentage was recorded for 14 days following the transfer and the results revealed that serum cortisol of fish in a high change in salinity (15, 10, and 5 ppt) was significantly higher than the control group immediately after exposure. At the high salinity change, the cortisol levels gradually decrease at 30 min and 60 min, until no difference in cortisol concentration was observed at 120 min. No mortality was observed in fish exposed to low salinity change (25 and 20 ppt) while in higher salinity change (5 ppt), the survival percentage was 50%.

    Conclusion: The study revealed that the serum cortisol concentration was high initially and continues to decrease to resting cortisol level at 120 min indicating that cortisol hormone is released following acute stress as a primary response in grouper juveniles.

    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  10. Fulltext The influence of agitation on oil substrate dispersion and oxygen transfer in Pseudomonas aeruginosa USM-AR2 fermentation producing rhamnolipid in a stirred tank bioreactor
    Nur Asshifa MN, Zambry NS, Salwa MS, Yahya ARM
    3 Biotech, 2017 Jul;7(3):189.
    PMID: 28664380 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0828-0
    Water-immiscible substrate, diesel, was supplied as the main substrate in the fermentation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa USM-AR2 producing rhamnolipid biosurfactant, in a stirred tank bioreactor. In addition to the typical gas-aqueous system, this system includes gas-hydrocarbon-aqueous phases and the presence of surfactant (rhamnolipid) in the fermentation broth. The effect of diesel dispersion on volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient, k L a, and thus oxygen transfer, was evaluated at different agitations of 400, 500 and 600 rpm. The oxygen transfer in this oil-water-surfactant system was shown to be affected by different oil dispersion at those agitation rates. The highest diesel dispersion was obtained at 500 rpm or impeller tip speed of 1.31 m/s, compared to 400 and 600 rpm, which led to the highest k L a, growth and rhamnolipid production by P. aeruginosa USM-AR2. This showed the highest substrate mixing and homogenization at this agitation speed that led to the efficient substrate utilization by the cells. The oxygen uptake rate of P. aeruginosa USM-AR2 was 5.55 mmol/L/h, which showed that even the lowest k L a (48.21 h-1) and hence OTR (57.71 mmol/L/h) obtained at 400 rpm was sufficient to fulfill the oxygen demand of the cells. The effect of rhamnolipid concentration on k L a showed that k L a increased as rhamnolipid concentration increased to 0.6 g/L before reaching a plateau. This trend was similar for all agitation rates of 400, 500 and 600 rpm, which might be due to the increase in the resistance to oxygen transfer (k L decrease) and the increase in the specific interfacial area (a).
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  11. Fulltext An examination of commuting accident in Malaysia
    Mohd Nasir Selamat, Lilis Surienty
    Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2015;12(1):171-177.
    MyJurnal
    Recent statistics from the Social Security Organization (SOCSO) of Malaysia shows Commuting Accident (CA)
    increased consistently by 1500 cases per year from 2008 to 2012. This has resulted in the rising of fatality rate,
    extensive claims of compensation payment and not to mention loss of valuable talents. However, little is known
    about the contributing factors to the occurrences of CA in Malaysia because CA is never considered to be work
    related before. This study aims to explore work related factors with occurrence of CA using 5-year statistical data
    from SOCSO, Malaysia. Moreover, we also reviewed studies published between 1990s and 2014 to support the
    statistical findings. Motorbike is found as the most common vehicle used which involved in CA. Individual factors
    concerning workers behaviour is a main risk factor of CA. Family related factors (parenting responsibility), work
    burden, workplace support as well as environmental factors such as bad weather and bad road conditions are also
    significant contributions of CA. It is very important to develop behavioural intervention strategies and provide proper
    training. Hence, more attention should be directed to young individual workers in balancing them with capabilities and
    organization performance demand. This may lead to the elimination of the other causes of CA. In conclusion, solutions
    to this problem involve not only a particular party to ensure the wellbeing of workers in Malaysia, but all authorities
    should play roles in enhancing safety and health matter of workers especially on the occurrence of accident.
    Matched MeSH terms: Off-Road Motor Vehicles
  12. Fulltext Rewinding the waves: tracking underwater signals to their source
    Kadri U, Crivelli D, Parsons W, Colbourne B, Ryan A
    Sci Rep, 2017 10 24;7(1):13949.
    PMID: 29066744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14177-3
    Analysis of data, recorded on March 8th 2014 at the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty Organisation's hydroacoustic stations off Cape Leeuwin Western Australia, and at Diego Garcia, reveal unique pressure signatures that could be associated with objects impacting at the sea surface, such as falling meteorites, or the missing Malaysian Aeroplane MH370. To examine the recorded signatures, we carried out experiments with spheres impacting at the surface of a water tank, where we observed almost identical pressure signature structures. While the pressure structure is unique to impacting objects, the evolution of the radiated acoustic waves carries information on the source. Employing acoustic-gravity wave theory we present an analytical inverse method to retrieve the impact time and location. The solution was validated using field observations of recent earthquakes, where we were able to calculate the eruption time and location to a satisfactory degree of accuracy. Moreover, numerical validations confirm an error below 0.02% for events at relatively large distances of over 1000 km. The method can be developed to calculate other essential properties such as impact duration and geometry. Besides impacting objects and earthquakes, the method could help in identifying the location of underwater explosions and landslides.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  13. Environmental planning strategies for optimum solid waste landfill siting
    Sumiani Y, Onn C, Mohd Din M, Wan Jaafar W
    Sains Malaysiana, 2009;38.
    The use of environmental planning tools for optimum solid waste landfill siting taking into account all environmental implications was carried out by applying Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) to enhance the research information obtained from initial analysis using Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The objective of this study is to identify the most eco-friendly landfill site by conducting a LCA analysis upon 5 potential GIS generated sites which incorporated eleven important criteria related to the social, environmental, and economical factors. The LCA analysis utilized the daily distance covered by collection trucks among the 5 selected landfill sites to generate inventory data on total energy usage for each landfill sites. The planning and selection of the potential sites were facilitated after conducting environmental impact analysis upon the inventory data which showed the least environmental impact.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  14. Fulltext Inter-rater reliability of vehicle color perception for forensic intelligence
    Lee K, Abdul Fatah AA, Mohd Norizan N, Jefrey Z, Md Nawi FH, Wan Nor WFK, et al.
    PLoS One, 2019;14(6):e0218428.
    PMID: 31211821 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218428
    The topcoat color of motor vehicles offers vital information while investigating vehicular accidents, especially in instance of hit-and-run, since witnesses seldom perceive and retain the plate details. Differences in color perceptions among individuals with normal vision may lead to confusion in determining the color of the car involved. In this way, witnesses of crash accidents could potentially initiate flawed leads in forensic investigation, and thus affect the administration of justice. In this study, the inter-rater reliability of vehicle color determination by different volunteers was explored. Six individuals observed the topcoat colors of 500 stationary and 500 moving vehicles from five locations, employing a common system of color gradation. The outcome was binary: the vehicle color was either a "match" or "non-match". This was followed by statistical analysis in terms of the colors' frequencies and inter-rater reliability, based on which more suitable color descriptions were determined for subsequent comparisons of stationary and moving vehicles. Higher match frequencies and greater inter-rater reliability were observed when color gradations were disregarded. The frequency of correct matches could have been closely related to their relative on-the-road distribution, regardless of the statuses of observed vehicles. It was also found that black and white were associated with a greater number of matches than were intermediate colors, which should be carefully interpreted during forensic investigation to avoid wrong leads. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated the forensic significance of vehicle topcoat color determination, particularly in cases where witness statements are crucial.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  15. Fulltext Awareness on health and safety among municipal workers on solid waste collections: a case study in Malaysia
    Sekhon PS, Karthigesu IT
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2017;17 Special(1):19-27.
    Solid waste collection has been a major challenge for local council Municipal workers in urban areas where the population is growing rapidly and the need for local councils to ensure they provide service to clear solid waste in a timely manner without disrupting the existing system. This case study is a review of awareness of health and safety among municipal workers on solid waste collection. The study is an examination of such awareness in Malaysia which involves the Petaling Jaya City Council in the state of Selangor. We review the operating system of the Petaling Jaya City Council and the risks which are being exposed to the municipal workers in their daily operations. Health and Safety of municipal workers in the areas of public health, safety, and industrial hygiene has been a concern for a long time. In most cases the majority of municipal workers exposed are from the contractual aspect of outsourced labour. It is important to understand how large the area of a solid waste is and to identify, evaluate, and eliminate or control risks and hazards across the operation zone of the municipal workers which involves environmental and occupational demands. The data we find provides the latest perspectives on topics of widespread concern such contractors management, ergonomic safety, confined space, motor vehicle safety, machinery safety, fall hazard safety, electrical safety and emergency response. Management of legal requirements is also discovered to be important to ensure any organization conducting business is not in violation of any law, and if there is a change of process how is this being addressed. Finally, we look at the control measures needed to support a operation on a large scale where it will not endanger the health and safety of municipal workers when they are involved in solid waste management. The recommendation we have based on the review are to ensure there is a holistic approach and systems in place to address all the concerns that will be faced by the local municipal council in their daily operations and responsibilities at every level of the organization. Conclusion: Research material and data related to this area is limited and we hope future holistic research can be conducted to future enhance the study of health and safety effecting the municipal workers. Health and Safety management system and procedures are the key elements in ensuring a successful organization.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  16. Fulltext Noise-induced hearing loss among quarry workers in a north-eastern state of malaysia: a study on knowledge, attitude and practice
    Ismail AF, Daud A, Ismail Z, Abdullah B
    Oman Med J, 2013 Sep;28(5):331-6.
    PMID: 24044059 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2013.96
    Noise is known to be one of the environmental and occupational hazards listed in the Factory and Machinery Act 1967. Quarries with loud deafening sounds from trucks and machineries pose the risk of noise-induced hearing loss to workers. This study was designed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice towards noise-induced hearing loss and to determine the prevalence of noise-induced hearing loss and its associated factors among quarry workers in a north-eastern state of Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  17. A survey of some metallographic etching reagents for restoration of obliterated engraved marks on aluminium-silicon alloy surfaces
    Uli N, Kuppuswamy R, Amran MF
    Forensic Sci Int, 2011 May 20;208(1-3):66-73.
    PMID: 21145675 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.11.005
    A brief survey to assess the sensitivity and efficacy of some common etching reagents for revealing obliterated engraved marks on Al-Si alloy surfaces is presented. Experimental observations have recommended use of alternate swabbing of 10% NaOH and 10% HNO(3) on the obliterated surfaces for obtaining the desired results. The NaOH etchant responsible for bringing back the original marks resulted in the deposition of some dark coating that has masked the recovered marks. The coating had been well removed by dissolving it in HNO(3) containing 10-20% acid. However, the above etching procedure was not effective on aluminium (99% purity) and Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy surfaces. Also the two reagents (i) immersion in 10% aq. phosphoric acid and (ii) alternate swabbing of 60% HCl and 40% NaOH suggested earlier for high strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloys [23] were quite ineffective on Al-Si alloys. Thus different aluminium alloys needed different etching treatments for successfully restoring the obliterated marks. Al-Si alloys used in casting find wide applications especially in the manufacture of engine blocks of motor vehicles. Hence, the results presented in this paper are of much relevance in serial number restoration problems involving this alloy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  18. Fulltext Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Determination of the Effect of Experimental Parameters on Vehicle Agent Speed Relative to Vehicle Intruder
    Shamshirband S, Banjanovic-Mehmedovic L, Bosankic I, Kasapovic S, Abdul Wahab AW
    PLoS One, 2016;11(5):e0155697.
    PMID: 27219539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155697
    Intelligent Transportation Systems rely on understanding, predicting and affecting the interactions between vehicles. The goal of this paper is to choose a small subset from the larger set so that the resulting regression model is simple, yet have good predictive ability for Vehicle agent speed relative to Vehicle intruder. The method of ANFIS (adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system) was applied to the data resulting from these measurements. The ANFIS process for variable selection was implemented in order to detect the predominant variables affecting the prediction of agent speed relative to intruder. This process includes several ways to discover a subset of the total set of recorded parameters, showing good predictive capability. The ANFIS network was used to perform a variable search. Then, it was used to determine how 9 parameters (Intruder Front sensors active (boolean), Intruder Rear sensors active (boolean), Agent Front sensors active (boolean), Agent Rear sensors active (boolean), RSSI signal intensity/strength (integer), Elapsed time (in seconds), Distance between Agent and Intruder (m), Angle of Agent relative to Intruder (angle between vehicles °), Altitude difference between Agent and Intruder (m)) influence prediction of agent speed relative to intruder. The results indicated that distance between Vehicle agent and Vehicle intruder (m) and angle of Vehicle agent relative to Vehicle Intruder (angle between vehicles °) is the most influential parameters to Vehicle agent speed relative to Vehicle intruder.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  19. Fulltext Successful ankle replantation in two cases with different presentations
    Wen APY, Jusoh MH, Saad AZM, Halim AS, Faisham NWIW, Azman WSW
    Arch Plast Surg, 2020 Mar;47(2):182-186.
    PMID: 31462030 DOI: 10.5999/aps.2018.00514
    We report our experience of treating two patients with ankle amputation with different presentations. The first case was a clean-cut sharp amputation. The second case was an avulsion injury following a motor vehicle accident in a patient who arrived 8 hours after the injury. Replantation was successful in both cases. In avulsion injuries, a secondary operation for wound coverage is required at a later stage. With good strategy and a support team, encouraging limb survival outcomes are possible post-replantation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
  20. Fulltext Post-traumatic Carotico-cavernous fistula: A report of two cases
    Primuharsa Putra. S.H.A., Nurliza, I., Roszalina, R., Saim, L., Zahiah, M.
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2007;6(2):1-8.
    MyJurnal
    We present two cases of direct traumatic carotico-cavernous fistula following motor vehicle accident. Their main symptoms include loss of vision, progressive proptosis and recurrent epistaxis. Angiogram confirmed presence of carotico-cavernous fistula in both cases. One was successfully treated by open surgery and the other by embolization with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDC). In both cases, proptosis and epistaxis resolved completely.
    Matched MeSH terms: Motor Vehicles
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