Displaying publications 221 - 240 of 1426 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Genetic, epigenetic and protein analyses of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 in Malaysian subjects with type 2 diabetes and diabetic nephropathy
    Abu Seman N, Anderstam B, Wan Mohamud WN, Östenson CG, Brismar K, Gu HF
    J Diabetes Complications, 2015 Nov-Dec;29(8):1234-9.
    PMID: 26255081 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2015.07.004
    Recent research has implicated that the inflammation may be a key pathophysiological mechanism in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) is an acute phase marker of inflammation. In the present study, we carried out genetic, epigenetic and protein analyses of ICAM-1 in a Malaysian population, including normal glucose tolerance (NGT) subjects and type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with or without DN in order to evaluate its role in DN.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  2. Fulltext CD89/CD35 Expression Ratio in Salivary Neutrophil as an Early Detection Marker for Severe Early Childhood Caries
    Luthfi M, Oki AS, Indrawati R, Rifai M, Dachlan YP, Razak FA
    Eur J Dent, 2020 Jul;14(3):386-392.
    PMID: 32645730 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713704
    OBJECTIVES:  To analyze CD35/CD89 expression ratio on the surface of neutrophils as an early detection marker for S-ECC.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS:  Saliva was collected from 4- to 6-year-old kindergarten students. Salivary neutrophils were obtained by instructing the subjects to rinse their mouth with 1 mL of sterile 1.5% NaCl for 30 seconds before expectorating it into a sterile glass. The expression of CFSE+CD35+ and CFSE+CD89+was measured and analyzed using flow cytometry.

    RESULTS: The expression of CFSE+CD89+ in the caries-free group (2.46 ± 0.39) was significantly lower than that in the S-ECC group (3.41 ± 1.11), with a p-value of 0.0001, while the expression of CFSE+CD35+ in the caries-free group was (2.35 ± 0.56) compared with (1.54 ± 0.35) (p = 0.0001) in the S-ECC group.

    CONCLUSIONS:  The expression ratio of CFSE+CD89+ and CFSE+CD35+constitutes a marker for S-ECC.

    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  3. Fulltext Epilepsy and comorbidities: towards unravelling the common underlying mechanisms
    Paudel, Yam Nath, Lisgaras, Christos Panagiotis, Lim, Kheng Seang, Shaikh, Mohd. Farooq
    Neuroscience Research Notes, 2018;1(3):1-4.
    MyJurnal
    Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by the rapid occurrence of epileptic seizures affecting approximately 70 million people worldwide[1,2]. The quality of life of people with epilepsy (PWE) is challenged by a series of comorbidities that might include neurologic and neuropsychiatric disorders (cognitive decline, depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, and autism) as well as metabolic, cardiovascular and respiratory diseases[3]. Neurobehavioral and other comorbidities might share a reciprocal and complex relationship with epileptogenesis and ictogenesis thus biomarkers of the former might be useful for the prediction of the latter and vice versa[4].
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  4. Biomarkers, immune responses and cellular changes in vaccinated and non-vaccinated goats during experimental infection of M. haemolytica A2 under tropical conditions
    Maqbool A, Paul BT, Jesse FFA, Teik Chung EL, Mohd Lila MA, Haron AW
    Microb Pathog, 2021 Aug;157:105001.
    PMID: 34048891 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2021.105001
    BACKGROUND: We investigated the biomarkers, immune responses and cellular changes in vaccinated and non-vaccinated goats experimentally challenged with M. haemolytica serotype A2 under rainy and hot tropical conditions. A total of twenty-four clinically healthy, non-pregnant, female goats randomly allocated to 2 groups of 12 goats each were used for the study. The 12 goats in each season were subdivided into three groups (n = 4), which served as the control (G-NEG), non-vaccinated (G-POS), and vaccinated (G-VACC). In week-1, the G-VACC received 2 mL of alum-precipitated pasteurellosis vaccine while G-POS and G-NEG received 2 ml of sterile PBS. In week 2, the G-POS and G-VACC received 1 mL intranasal spray containing 105 CFU of M. haemolytica serotype A2. Inoculation was followed by daily monitoring and weekly bleeding for eight weeks to collect data and serum for biomarkers and immune responses using commercial ELISA test kits. The goats were humanely euthanised at the end of the experiments to collect lungs and the submandibular lymph nodes tissue samples for gross and histopathological examinations.

    RESULTS: Regardless of the season, we have observed a significant (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  5. An insight into the role of Artificial Intelligence in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease
    Verma RK, Pandey M, Chawla P, Choudhury H, Mayuren J, Bhattamisra SK, et al.
    CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets, 2021 May 11.
    PMID: 33982657 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210512014505
    BACKGROUND: The complication of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has made the development of its therapeutic a challenging task. Even after decades of research, we have achieved no more than a few years of symptomatic relief. The inability to diagnose the disease early is the foremost hurdle behind its treatment. Several studies have aimed to identify potential biomarkers that can be detected in body fluids (CSF, blood, urine, etc) or assessed by neuroimaging (i.e., PET and MRI). However, the clinical implementation of these biomarkers is incomplete as they cannot be validated.

    METHOD: To overcome the limitation, the use of artificial intelligence along with technical tools has been extensively investigated for AD diagnosis. For developing a promising artificial intelligence strategy that can diagnose AD early, it is critical to supervise neuropsychological outcomes and imaging-based readouts with a proper clinical review.

    CONCLUSION: Profound knowledge, a large data pool, and detailed investigations are required for the successful implementation of this tool. This review will enlighten various aspects of early diagnosis of AD using artificial intelligence.

    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  6. Fulltext Heavy metal biomarker: fish behavior, cellular alteration, enzymatic reaction and proteomics approaches
    Sabullah, M.K., Ahmad, S.A., Shukor, M.Y., Gansau, A.J., Syed, M.A., Sulaiman, M.R., et al.
    International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(2):435-454.
    MyJurnal
    Due to the latest industrial development, many dangerous chemicals have been released directly or indirectly which resulted in the polluted water bodies. Water rehabilitation is an alternative way to restore the quality of water, followed by the environmental management to control the waste discharge to ensure the balance of the degradation rates or detoxifying by environmental factors. However, this process consumed a lot of time and cost. Besides, most of the metal ions, especially copper which is capable to bioaccumulate in aquatic organism and at the elevated level may cause physiological and biochemical alteration which leads to mortality. Environmental monitoring is the initial step presupposed evaluating the potential toxicity of effluent gushing at its purpose to discharge, avoiding the determining effects of contaminant in water bodies. Due to the high sensitivity of the aquatic life towards dissolving toxicant, the fish has been utilized as the biological measurement (Biomarker) to indicate the existence of toxicant exposure and/or the impact towards the evaluation of molecular, cellular to physiological level. Thus, this paper gives an overview of the manipulation of fish as a biomarker of heavy metals through behavior response, hepatocyte alteration, enzymatic reaction and proteomic studies which have proven to be very useful in the environmental pollution monitoring.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  7. Fulltext Applications of 18(F) FDG PET/CT in Oncology
    Fathinul Fikri,A.S, Nordin, A.J, Cheah, Y.K., Ahmad Saad, F.N.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2015;23(1):1-12.
    MyJurnal
    The escalating costs of conventional diagnostic technology in oncology have yet to obviate futile surgery intervention and the spiralling treatment cost. The evolution in engineering technology which looks at the correlation of the anatomy and the function of tumours i.e. Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (PET-CT) have impacted on the improved diagnostic accuracy and treatment in oncology. Clinical data have demonstrated that the information provided by PET/CT often changes patient management. This review addresses the value of PET-CT as a surrogate molecular marker in tumours and to discuss some issues in adopting PET/CT in routine daily practice as supported by the numbers of literature reviews of its application in oncology since it was first commercialised in 2001. The description of the technology used in multimodality imaging has gained encouraging interest among physicians, policy makers and insurance companies on the importance of the PET-CT, for which roles are not limited to the staging, disease prognostication and treatment monitoring with potential impact on treatment cost and justification of radiation safety for the patient. PET/CT is a useful tool in cancer investigation as evidenced by its role as a surrogate marker in underpinning the cellular reprogramming of different pathological entities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  8. Fulltext Expression of gamma glutamyl hydrolase and carbonic anhydrase 9 in oral squamous cell carcinoma and their association with extracapsular spread
    Nor Aszlitah Burhanudin, Thomas George Kallarakkal
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(21):17-17.
    MyJurnal
    Extracapsular spread (ECS) is one of the most important prognostic factors in oral
    squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Gamma Glutamyl Hydrolase (GGH) is a lysosomal enzyme which is involved in folate homeostasis. It is overexpressed in several human malignancies but its role in
    OSCC has never been reported. Carbonic Anhydrase 9 (CA9) is a transmembrane glycoprotein and is
    related to hypoxia. High expression of CA9 has been associated with poor prognosis in several
    tumours including OSCC. This study was aimed to investigate the expression of GGH and CA9 in
    OSCC and their potential use as biomarkers to predict ECS. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  9. Fulltext Association between organizational factors, occupational stress and cortisol level among lecturers in a private university in Selangor
    Noormaliza, H., Najibah, A.R., Fauzana, M., Azizah, A., Nukhdiha, O.
    Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2017;14(1):25-29.
    MyJurnal
    Stress reduces the performance and productivity of employees.
    One of the most important stressors originate from organizational factors,
    which are decision latitude, psychological demand, social support and job
    insecurity. This creates four kinds of jobs: passive, active, low strain and high
    strain. The objective of the study is to determine the association between
    organizational factors with occupational stress and cortisol level among
    lecturers in University Selangor. This cross-sectional study used a purposive
    sampling, which involved 45 lecturers from various faculties. The instrument
    used in this study was Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) which is a
    Psychosocial Job Assessment Instrument designed by Karasek et al., (1998).
    The questionnaire has been translated to Malay version by Edimansyah et al.,
    (2006). 10ml of blood sample was collected from each respondent by certified
    phlebotomist. Results from the statistical analysis showed that majority of the
    respondents were female (75.6%), aged below forty years old (82.2%), married
    (77.8%) and hold a master degree (68.9%). Most of the respondents were
    found having low decision latitude 35(77.5%). Majority of the respondents
    were also found in passive group 13(28.9%) which were having low
    psychological job demand and low decision latitude, while others are in low
    strain 11(24.4%), high strain 11(24.4%) and active group 10(22.2%)
    respectively. There was a significant association between two organizational
    factors with occupational stress level, which are decision latitude and
    psychological job demand (p0.05). As a
    conclusion, two out of four organizational factors, which are decision latitude
    and psychological job demand showed a significant association with
    occupational stress levels. Cortisol as one of stress biomarkers may not be
    significant due to small sample size.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  10. Fulltext trans,trans-muconic acid as the biomarker for benzene exposure among oil and gas petrol tanker drivers
    Mohd Norhafsam Maghpor, Suhaily Amran, Ahmad Sayuti Zainal Abidin, Naemah Tajol Arus, Nurzuhairah Jamil, Nor Husna Mat Hussin
    Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2015;12(1):145-149.
    MyJurnal
    A study has been conducted on trans,trans-muconic acid (t,t-MA) as the biomarker for benzene exposure among
    oil and gas petrol tanker drivers. The objectives of this study are to determine the significant difference and the
    correlation between Benzene personal exposure and urinary t,t-MA among exposed and non-exposed workers. A total
    of 92 questionnaires were distributed to obtain demographic and descriptive data. Benzene personal exposure was
    sampled using SKC passive samplers and the data was analyzed using GC-FID. Urinary t,t-MA was collected at end of
    work shift and analyzed using HPLC-UV detector. A total of 30 non-exposed workers were also sampled. The averages
    of urinary t,t-MA were 96.65 ug/g creatinine for exposed workers and 0.51 ug/g creatinine for non-exposed workers.
    Meanwhile, the averages of Benzene personal exposure were 0.37 mg/m3 and 0.01 mg/m3 for exposed workers and
    non-exposed workers respectively. No significant correlation was found between exposure to benzene with excreted
    urinary t,t-MA of workers occupationally exposed (p-value > 0.05) as well as to workers non-exposed to benzene
    (p-value > 0.05). In conclusion, there is no significant correlation found between Benzene personal exposure and
    urinary t,t-MA among exposed and non-exposed workers. Applicability of using t,t-MA as the biomarker of benzene
    exposure shall be further discussed with all the other confounding factors to be taken into account.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  11. Fulltext A brief review on free light chain assays: from conventional to current
    Siti Yazmin Zahari Sham, Subashini C. Thambiah, Intan Nureslyna Samsudin
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2017;13(2):59-62.
    MyJurnal
    Free light chains (FLCs) are tumour markers of monoclonal gammopathies. Detection of urinary FLC or also known as Bence-Jones protein through urinary protein and its immunofixation electrophoreses (UPE and uIFE, respectively) have been considered the gold standard for its biochemical diagnosis. This is mainly due to their superior detection limits compared to their counterpart investigations in serum. However, urinalysis is limited in many ways. The emergence of serum FLC assay with markedly improved detection limit circumvents many of these problems and has gained much importance in biochemical investigations of monoclonal gammopathies. Nevertheless, they are not without limitations. This review discusses the advantages and limitations of serum and urinary FLC assays.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers, Tumor
  12. Fulltext Hydrocephaly Analysis Supported by Computerized Tomography and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
    Zhang T, Zhou Y, Su G, Shi D, Gopinath SCB, Lakshmipriya T, et al.
    J Anal Methods Chem, 2019;2019:5872347.
    PMID: 31662948 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5872347
    Hydrocephalus is widely known as "hydrocephaly" or "water in the brain," a building up of abnormal cerebrospinal fluid in the brain ventricles. Due to this abnormality, the size of the head becomes larger and increases the pressure in the skull. This pressure compresses the brain and causes damage to the brain. Identification by imaging techniques on the hydrocephalus is mandatory to treat the disease. Various methods and equipment have been used to image the hydrocephalus. Among them, computerized tomography (CT) scan and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) are the most considered methods and gives accurate result of imaging. Apart from imaging, cerebrospinal fluid-based biomarkers are also used to identify the condition of hydrocephalus. This review is discussed on "hydrocephalus" and its imaging captured by CT scan and NMR to support the biomarker analysis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  13. Fulltext Oncogenic Roles and Inhibitors of DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia
    Wong KK, Lawrie CH, Green TM
    Biomark Insights, 2019;14:1177271919846454.
    PMID: 31105426 DOI: 10.1177/1177271919846454
    Epigenetic alteration has been proposed to give rise to numerous classic hallmarks of cancer. Impaired DNA methylation plays a central role in the onset and progression of several types of malignancies, and DNA methylation is mediated by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) consisting of DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B. DNMTs are frequently implicated in the pathogenesis and aggressiveness of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients. In this review, we describe and discuss the oncogenic roles of DNMT1, DNMT3A, and DNMT3B in AML. The clinical response predictive roles of DNMTs in clinical trials utilising hypomethylating agents (azacitidine and decitabine) in AML patients are presented. Novel hypomethylating agent (guadecitabine) and experimental DNMT inhibitors in AML are also discussed. In summary, hypermethylation of tumour suppressors mediated by DNMT1 or DNMT3B contributes to the progression and severity of AML (except MLL-AF9 and inv(16)(p13;q22) AML for DNMT3B), while mutation affecting DNMT3A represents an early genetic lesion in the pathogenesis of AML. In clinical trials of AML patients, expression of DNMTs is downregulated by hypomethylating agents while the clinical response predictive roles of DNMT biomarkers remain unresolved. Finally, nucleoside hypomethylating agents have continued to show enhanced responses in clinical trials of AML patients, and novel non-nucleoside DNMT inhibitors have demonstrated cytotoxicity against AML cells in pre-clinical settings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  14. The effects of orthodontic forces during canine retraction using self-ligating brackets on gingival crevicular fluid enzyme activity, canine movement and root resorption
    Rohaya Megat Abdul Wahab*, Albira Sintian, Zulham Yamamoto, Nurfathiha Abu Kasim, Intan Zarina Zainol Abidin, Sahidan Senafi, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:249-256.
    Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were studied as biomarkers of canine movement. Root resorption was also evaluated in canines subjected to the orthodontic forces. Nineteen subjects randomly received 100 and 150 g force using self-ligating brackets (SLB) either on the right or left site of maxillary arch. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected at distal sites of canines for five consecutive weeks. The activities of ALP, TRAP and AST were assayed and measured spectrophotometrically. Canine movement was measured for five consecutive weeks while root resorption was monitored at baseline, week 0 and week 5 using periapical radiographs. In 100 g group, TRAP activity significantly increased in week 3-5 when compared to TRAP baseline activity. However, ALP and AST activities slightly increased. In 150 g group, ALP and TRAP activities slightly increased when compared with their baseline activities. However, AST significantly increased in week 5. Canine movement and root resorption were not significantly different (p<0.05) in both groups. A force of 100 and 150 g slightly increased the bone modeling process and resulted in similar canine movement and root resorption. Therefore, 100 g force could be an optimum force for canine retraction and is preferable (compared with 150 g force) in canine retraction using SLB.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  15. Petroleum source rock properties of the neogene bhuban shales, Bengal basin, Bangladesh
    Md. Farhaduzzaman, Wan Hasiah Abdullah, Md. Aminul Islam
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:571-579.
    The present study evaluates the petroleum source rock generation potential of the Neogene Bhuban shales from Bangladesh.
    Organic geochemical and organic petrological methods were used for analyzing 11 drill core samples from 4 gas fields
    in the basin. Source rock potential, maceral composition, organic matter abundance, biomarker distribution, thermal
    maturity, hydrocarbon generation and depositional environment were evaluated. Kerogen in the studied shale samples
    is classified mainly as Type III with lesser amounts of Type II. Vitrinite is the dominant maceral group observed in the
    analyzed Bhuban samples followed by liptinite and inertinite. Vitrinite reflectance, Tmax and biomarker parameters
    indicate the thermal maturity ranges from just pre-oil window to mid-oil window. Based on its total organic carbon
    (TOC), extractable organic matter (EOM) and hydrogen index (HI), the analyzed Bhuban shales are ranked as mainly poor
    to fair source rocks but with good gas generation potential. The dominant terrestrial environment prevailed during the
    deposition of the studied Bhuban shales while the condition was sub-oxic as indicated by cross-plots of pristane versus
    phytane and sterane versus pristane/phytane ratios.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  16. Synergistic and antagonistic effects of zinc bioaccumulation with lead and antioxidant activities in centella asiatica
    ONG G, YAP C, MAZIAH M, TAN S
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:1549-1555.
    This study was carried out by using Centella asiatica grown using a hydroponic system under laboratory conditions to study synergistic and antagonistic effects of Zn bioaccumulation with added Pb and the changes in antioxidant activities in leaves and roots of C. asiatica. The antioxidant activities included superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX). The treatments Zn (2 ppm) + Pb (0.4 ppm) and Zn (4 ppm) + Pb (0.6 ppm) increased the accumulation of Zn in leaves by 14.06 and 16.84%, respectively, but decreased by 7.36% uptake in roots (Zn 4 ppm + Pb 0.6 ppm). This showed that Pb and Zn acted synergistically to Zn accumulation in leaves but antagonistically in roots. CAT and SOD activities in leaves were increased when Zn was added together with Pb. In roots, CAT, APX and SOD activities were increased but GPX was decreased. Owing to their sensitivities to Zn with Pb, SOD and CAT could be used as biomarkers to monitor the toxicity of Pb and Zn exposure in the leaves and roots of C. asiatica.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  17. Performance comparison of serum and urine biomarkers from independent samples for ovarian cancer screening
    Song HJ, Kim JD, Park CY, Kim YS, Jeong KS
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:1671-1676.
    This study compares the diagnostic performance of urine and serum multiple biomarkers for early diagnosis of ovarian
    cancer. The sample population includes 119 benign and 101 ovarian cancer patients. The marker combinations used
    to compare performance include 16 markers whose concentration values were obtained using the Luminex assay. In
    order to identify an optimal marker combination that could classify ovarian cancer and benign patients, the area under
    the curve (AUC) is used to evaluate 2-, 3-, and 4-marker combinations and the classification is performed by using
    logistic regression. In the case of urine samples, the best AUC values are 87.89% for the 2 protein markers combination,
    90.22% for the 3 markers combination, and 92.43% for the 4 marker combination. In contrast, the best AUC values
    for serum sample are 92.4% for the 2 marker combination, 93.63% for the 3 marker combination and 94.63% for the
    4 marker combination. This study confirmed that combining multiple biomarkers could improve diagnostic accuracy.
    Even though the urine sample shows relatively lower performance than serum, urine could be utilized more widely for
    its simple usability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  18. Fulltext Non-Exosomal and Exosomal Circulatory MicroRNAs: Which Are More Valid as Biomarkers?
    Nik Mohamed Kamal NNSB, Shahidan WNS
    Front Pharmacol, 2019;10:1500.
    PMID: 32038230 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01500
    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNAs with approximately 19-25 nucleotides that are involved in regulating a range of developmental and physiological processes. Non-exosomal circulating and exosomal miRNAs have also been proposed to be useful in diagnostics as biomarkers for diseases and different types of cancer. In this review, the quantity of miRNAs and of reliable experimental data analyses of miRNAs that come from exosomal and non-exosomal sources are discussed from the perspective of their use as biomarkers for cancer and other diseases, including viral infections, nervous system disorders, cardiovascular disorders, and diabetes. We summarize other research findings regarding the use of miRNA from these two sources as biomarkers in diagnostics and clinical use. The challenges in using miRNA from these two sources in cancer and disease diagnostics are evaluated and discussed. Validation of specific miRNA signatures as biomarkers is a critical milestone in diagnostics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  19. Association between pulse wave velocity with other vascular markers and inflammation among young adults: an evidence-based review
    Norizam Salamt, Amilia Aminuddin, Azizah Ugusman, Aini Farzana Zulkefli
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:2455-2461.
    Studies evaluating the association between pulse wave velocity (PWV), a gold standard measurement of aortic stiffness
    and established markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD), with other established vascular markers or inflammation
    among young adult is still scarce. A systematic review of the literature was conducted to identify relevant studies on the
    association between PWV with other vascular markers or inflammation. Relevant articles from Ovid Medline, Science
    Direct and Scopus databases were explored between 2009 and March 2018. Original articles published in English
    measuring any correlation between carotid-femoral PWV (PWVcf) with either augmentation index (AIx), carotid intima
    media thickness (CIMT) or C-reactive protein (CRP) on young adult with age range between 18 and 45 years old were
    included. The literature search identified 21 potential articles to be reviewed, which meet all the inclusion criteria.
    Four articles investigated the correlation between PWVcf with CRP, however only two studies gave significant but weak
    correlations. As for CIMT, a single relevant article was found and the correlation was not significant. In conclusion, lack
    of association between PWV and other vascular markers and inflammation may suggest that these vascular markers have
    their own property in assessing vascular status. Thus, these markers should be measured independently for comprehensive
    assessment of future CVD risk.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
  20. Fulltext Immune Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring of Tuberculosis: Current Developments and Future Prospects
    Yong YK, Tan HY, Saeidi A, Wong WF, Vignesh R, Velu V, et al.
    Front Microbiol, 2019;10:2789.
    PMID: 31921004 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02789
    Tuberculosis (TB) treatment monitoring is paramount to clinical decision-making and the host biomarkers appears to play a significant role. The currently available diagnostic technology for TB detection is inadequate. Although GeneXpert detects total DNA present in the sample regardless live or dead bacilli present in clinical samples, all the commercial tests available thus far have low sensitivity. Humoral responses against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigens are generally low, which precludes the use of serological tests for TB diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment monitoring. Mtb-specific CD4+ T cells correlate with Mtb antigen/bacilli burden and hence might serve as good biomarkers for monitoring treatment progress. Omics-based techniques are capable of providing a more holistic picture for disease mechanisms and are more accurate in predicting TB disease outcomes. The current review aims to discuss some of the recent advances on TB biomarkers, particularly host biomarkers that have the potential to diagnose and differentiate active TB and LTBI as well as their use in disease prognosis and treatment monitoring.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biomarkers
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links