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Teleconsultation in neurosurgery: comparing the multimodal approach in image transfer in kuala lumpur hospital

Alias A, Remeli AZ, Mohammed Haspani MS

Malays J Med Sci, 2013 Jan;20(1):97-8.
PMID: 23613663
Fulltext Autoimmune Thyroiditis as Initial Presentation of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Complicated by Massive Ascites: A Case Report

Abdullah NRA, Akbar RZA

J ASEAN Fed Endocr Soc, 2017;32(1):50-53.
PMID: 33442085 DOI: 10.15605/jafes.032.01.09

Autoimmune thyroiditis in the course of other autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is common because these disorders are attributed to the production of autoantibodies against various autoantigens. Beyond this association, autoimmune thyroiditis can occur before, during or after the development of SLE. In this report, we describe a female who presented with facial puffiness, lethargy and progressive abdominal distension. She was diagnosed with autoimmune thyroiditis followed by the diagnosis of SLE complicated by a massive ascites, a rare form of lupus peritonitis, which is sterile ascites that results from severe serositis. Her presentation was complex and posed a diagnostic challenge and dilemma to the physicians involved in her care.
Fulltext A multi-center study on the attitudes of Malaysian emergency health care staff towards allowing family presence during resuscitation of adult patients

Sheng CK, Lim CK, Rashidi A

Int J Emerg Med, 2010;3(4):287-91.
PMID: 21373294 DOI: 10.1007/s12245-010-0218-4

The practice of allowing family members to witness on-going active resuscitation has been gaining ground in many developed countries since it was first introduced in the early 1990s. In many Asian countries, the acceptability of this practice has not been well studied.
Functional Bracing in a Femur Non-union Following Fracture Related Infection: A Case Report

Nazirul-Mubin K, Nazri MY, Ahmad-Fadzli S

Malays Orthop J, 2024 Nov;18(3):75-79.
PMID: 39691575 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2411.011

Non-union refers to a disruption in the process of fracture repair, which can be identified through sequential clinical and radiographic assessments. The distinction between septic and aseptic non-union is essential because the treatment strategies are fundamentally different. Non-unions are most often treated surgically as it helps to provide both mechanical stability and good biological environment to promote bone healing. However, there is also the option of managing it conservatively by proper immobilisation using functional brace which is an alternative for surgical procedures and widely reported in tibia non-union cases. To date, there has been no reported case of femur non-union successfully treated with a functional brace. This case report details the success of treatment using a functional brace in a mentally disabled gentleman who sustained a femur non-union following a fracture related infection.
Fulltext The Role of Social Media in Making an Impact to Health Knowledge and Behaviour on COVID-19 in Malaysia

Rashid AA, Mohamad I, Mohd Haris AF

Malays J Med Sci, 2021 Jun;28(3):155-157.
PMID: 34285654 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.3.15
Fulltext Adverse Outcomes of Perioperative Red Blood Cell Transfusions in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia

Chan CH, Ziyadi GM, Zuhdi MA

Malays J Med Sci, 2019 May;26(3):49-63.
PMID: 31303850 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2019.26.3.4

BACKGROUND: Perioperative red blood cell (RBC) transfusion in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) has both benefits and harms. Our aim was to study the association between perioperative RBC transfusion and its adverse outcomes.
METHODS: This was a retrospective study of patients who underwent isolated CABG in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia, from 1 January 2013 until 31 December 2017. Data were collected from medical records, and comparisons were made between patients who received perioperative RBC transfusions and those who did not have adverse outcomes after CABG.
RESULTS: A total of 108 patients who underwent isolated CABG were included in our study, and 78 patients received perioperative RBC transfusions. Patients who received perioperative RBC transfusions compared to those who did not were significantly more likely to develop prolonged ventilatory support (21.8% versus 0%, P = 0.003), cardiac morbidity (14.1% versus 0%, P = 0.032), renal morbidity (28.2% versus 3.3%, P = 0.005) and serious infection (20.5% versus 3.3%, P = 0.037). With each unit of packed RBC transfusions, there was a significantly increased risk of prolonged ventilatory support (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.45; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.20-1.77; P < 0.001), cardiac morbidity (AOR =1.40; 95%CI = 1.01-1.79; P = 0.007), renal morbidity (AOR = 1.23; 95%CI = 1.03-1.45; P = 0.019) and serious infection (AOR = 1.31; 95%CI = 1.07-1.60; P = 0.009).
CONCLUSION: Perioperative RBC transfusion in isolated CABG patients is associated with increased risks of developing adverse events such as prolonged ventilatory support, cardiac morbidity, renal morbidity and serious infection.
Unleashing the champion mindset among Melaka's para athletes of the Malaysia Games

Arham AF, Norizan NS, Othman RD

Br J Sports Med, 2025 Jan 09.
PMID: 39788696 DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-109060
Investigating the Effects of Level-Specific CE-Chirp on Auditory Brainstem Response Waves in Normal Hearing Infants

Chahed N, Dzulkarnain AAA, Jamaluddin SA

Malays J Med Sci, 2024 Apr;31(2):62-71.
PMID: 38694577 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2024.31.2.7

BACKGROUND: Auditory brainstem response (ABR) to the level-specific (LS) CE-Chirp has been reported to provide optimum neural synchrony along cochlear partitions, theoretically improving ABR waveform resolution. Despite this promising finding, limited studies have been conducted to contrast the results between LS CE-Chirp and Click stimuli. The current study aimed to compare the results of ABR between the two stimuli (Click and LS CE-Chirp).
METHOD: Sixty-seven normal-hearing infants, both with and without risk factors, aged less than 7 months old, participated in this study. The ABR test was conducted at 70 dBnHL using 33.3 stimulus repetition rates with both Click and LS CE-Chirp stimuli. The signal averaging was stopped at a maximum fixed signal average of 2,500 sweeps. Data were statistically compared between the two stimuli using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
RESULTS: The waves I and V ABRs elicited by LS CE-Chirp exhibited significantly larger amplitudes than the Click stimulus. However, the amplitude of wave III and absolute latencies were similar in both stimuli at a supra-threshold level.
CONCLUSION: LS CE-Chirp has the advantage of larger amplitudes than the ABR from Click at the supra-threshold level (70 dBnHL) in normal-hearing infants.
Fulltext Factors Associated with Tuberculosis Mortality in Manjung District, Perak, Malaysia

Qamruddin AA, Xavier G, Zahid SM

Malays J Med Sci, 2023 Jun;30(3):167-175.
PMID: 37425385 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2023.30.3.15

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease which contributes to a major cause of ill health. Worldwide, it is one of the leading causes of death from a single infectious agent.
OBJECTIVES: The study aimed to describe the epidemiology and factors associated with TB mortality in Manjung district, Perak, Malaysia.
METHODS: All confirmed TB cases from 2015 to 2020 registered in Manjung district under Sistem Maklumat Tibi (MyTB) were included. Factors associated with TB mortality were analysed by using simple and multiple logistic regression analysis.
RESULTS: A total of 742 TB cases were included in the analysis, from which 121 cases (16.3%) died before completing their treatment. The highest death was reported in 2020 (25.7%) and the lowest in 2019 (12.9%). From multiple logistic regression analysis, age 45 years old-64 years old (adjusted OR = 3.62; 95% CI: 1.38, 9.54), > 65 years old (adjusted OR = 8.67; 95% CI: 3.17, 23.74), non-Malaysian (adjusted OR = 5.18; 95% CI: 2.04, 13.14), cases notified by government hospitals (adjusted OR = 6.78; 95% CI: 3.04, 15.09), HIV-positive status (adjusted OR = 8.60; 95% CI: 3.58, 20.67) and HIV testing not offered/unknown (adjusted OR = 2.58; 95% CI: 1.18, 5.62) were significantly associated with TB mortality.
CONCLUSION: This study found that TB patients who were 45 years old and above, positive HIV, late diagnosis and are foreigners had a higher risk for TB mortality. Early diagnosis, optimised screening and close monitoring should be practised to reduce TB mortality.
Fulltext Modeling and analysis of a microresonating biosensor for detection of Salmonella bacteria in human blood

Bahadoran M, Noorden AF, Chaudhary K, Mohajer FS, Aziz MS, Hashim S, et al.

Sensors (Basel), 2014;14(7):12885-99.
PMID: 25046015 DOI: 10.3390/s140712885

A new photonics biosensor configuration comprising a Double-side Ring Add-drop Filter microring resonator (DR-ADF) made from SiO2-TiO2 material is proposed for the detection of Salmonella bacteria (SB) in blood. The scattering matrix method using inductive calculation is used to determine the output signal's intensities in the blood with and without presence of Salmonella. The change in refractive index due to the reaction of Salmonella bacteria with its applied antibody on the flagellin layer loaded on the sensing and detecting microresonator causes the increase in through and dropper port's intensities of the output signal which leads to the detection of SB in blood. A shift in the output signal wavelength is observed with resolution of 0.01 nm. The change in intensity and shift in wavelength is analyzed with respect to the change in the refractive index which contributes toward achieving an ultra-high sensitivity of 95,500 nm/RIU which is almost two orders higher than that of reported from single ring sensors and the limit of detection is in the order of 1 × 10(-8) RIU. In applications, such a system can be employed for a high sensitive and fast detection of bacteria.
Fulltext A lightweight distributed framework for computational offloading in mobile cloud computing

Shiraz M, Gani A, Ahmad RW, Adeel Ali Shah S, Karim A, Rahman ZA

PLoS One, 2014;9(8):e102270.
PMID: 25127245 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102270

The latest developments in mobile computing technology have enabled intensive applications on the modern Smartphones. However, such applications are still constrained by limitations in processing potentials, storage capacity and battery lifetime of the Smart Mobile Devices (SMDs). Therefore, Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) leverages the application processing services of computational clouds for mitigating resources limitations in SMDs. Currently, a number of computational offloading frameworks are proposed for MCC wherein the intensive components of the application are outsourced to computational clouds. Nevertheless, such frameworks focus on runtime partitioning of the application for computational offloading, which is time consuming and resources intensive. The resource constraint nature of SMDs require lightweight procedures for leveraging computational clouds. Therefore, this paper presents a lightweight framework which focuses on minimizing additional resources utilization in computational offloading for MCC. The framework employs features of centralized monitoring, high availability and on demand access services of computational clouds for computational offloading. As a result, the turnaround time and execution cost of the application are reduced. The framework is evaluated by testing prototype application in the real MCC environment. The lightweight nature of the proposed framework is validated by employing computational offloading for the proposed framework and the latest existing frameworks. Analysis shows that by employing the proposed framework for computational offloading, the size of data transmission is reduced by 91%, energy consumption cost is minimized by 81% and turnaround time of the application is decreased by 83.5% as compared to the existing offloading frameworks. Hence, the proposed framework minimizes additional resources utilization and therefore offers lightweight solution for computational offloading in MCC.
Physical properties and biocompatibility of oligochitosan membrane film as wound dressing

Ujang Z, Abdul Rashid AH, Suboh SK, Halim AS, Lim CK

J Appl Biomater Funct Mater, 2014 Dec 30;12(3):155-62.
PMID: 24700269 DOI: 10.5301/jabfm.5000190

BACKGROUND: The physical and biological characteristics of oligochitosan (O-C) film, including its barrier and mechanical properties, in vitro cytotoxicity and in vivo biocompatibility, were studied to assess its potential use as a wound dressing.
METHODS: Membrane films were prepared from water-soluble O-C solution blended with various concentrations of glycerol to modify the physical properties of the films. In vitro and in vivo biocompatibility evaluations were performed using primary human skin fibroblast cultures and subcutaneous implantation in a rat model, respectively.
RESULTS: Addition of glycerol significantly influenced the barrier and mechanical properties of the films. Water absorption capacity was in the range of 80%-160%, whereas water vapor transmission rate varied from 1,180 to 1,618 g/m2 per day. Both properties increased with increasing glycerol concentration. Tensile strength decreased while elongation at break increased with the addition of glycerol. O-C films were found to be noncytotoxic to human fibroblast cultures and histological examination proved that films are biocompatible.
CONCLUSION: These results indicate that the membrane film from O-C has potential application as a wound-dressing material.
Chemopreventive effects of a curcumin-like diarylpentanoid [2,6-bis(2,5-dimethoxybenzylidene)cyclohexanone] in cellular targets of rheumatoid arthritis in vitro

Lee KH, Abas F, Mohamed Alitheen NB, Shaari K, Lajis NH, Israf DA, et al.

Int J Rheum Dis, 2015 Jul;18(6):616-27.
PMID: 24832356 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185X.12341

Synovial fibroblast has emerged as a potential cellular target in progressive joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis development. In this study, BDMC33 (2,6-bis[2,5-dimethoxybenzylidene]cyclohexanone), a curcumin analogue with enhanced anti-inflammatory activity has been synthesized and the potency of BDMC33 on molecular and cellular basis of synovial fibroblasts (SF) were evaluated in vitro.
Fulltext Microwave assisted synthesis, spectral and antifungal studies of 2-phenyl-N,N'-bis(pyridin-4-ylcarbonyl)butanediamide ligand and its metal complexes

Shiekh RA, Malik MA, Al-Thabaiti SA, Wani MY, Nabi A

ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:404617.
PMID: 24772018 DOI: 10.1155/2014/404617

2-Phenyl-N,N'-bis(pyridin-4-ylcarbonyl)butanediamide ligand with a series of transition metal complexes has been synthesized via two routes: microwave irradiation and conventional heating method. Microwave irritation method happened to be the efficient and versatile route for the synthesis of these metal complexes. These complexes were found to have the general composition M(L)Cl2/M(L)(CH3COO)2 (where M = Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and L = ligand). Different physical and spectroscopic techniques were used to investigate the structural features of the synthesized compounds, which supported an octahedral geometry for these complexes. In vitro antifungal activity of the ligand and its metal complexes revealed that the metal complexes are highly active compared to the standard drug. Metal complexes showed enhanced activity compared to the ligand, which is an important step towards the designing of antifungal drug candidates.
Association of ADRA2A and MTHFR gene polymorphisms with weight loss following antipsychotic switching to aripiprazole or ziprasidone

Roffeei SN, Reynolds GP, Zainal NZ, Said MA, Hatim A, Aida SA, et al.

Hum Psychopharmacol, 2014 Jan;29(1):38-45.
PMID: 24424705 DOI: 10.1002/hup.2366

Various genetic polymorphisms have been reported to be associated with antipsychotic-induced weight gain. In this study, we aimed to determine whether risk polymorphisms in 12 candidate genes are associated with reduction in body mass index (BMI) of patients following switching of antipsychotics to aripiprazole or ziprasidone.
In vitro capacity of different grades of chitosan derivatives to induce platelet adhesion and aggregation

Periayah MH, Halim AS, Hussein AR, Saad AZ, Rashid AH, Noorsal K

Int J Biol Macromol, 2013 Jan;52:244-9.
PMID: 23063426 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.10.001

Chitosan-derived hemostatic agents with various formulations may have distinct potential in hemostasis. This study assessed the ability of different grades and forms of chitosan derivatives as hemostatic agents to enhance platelet adhesion and aggregation in vitro. The chitosan derivatives utilized were 2% NO-CMC, 7% NO-CMC (with 0.45 mL collagen), 8% NO-CMC, O-C 52, 5% O-CMC-47, NO-CMC-35, and O-C 53. Samples of chitosan derivatives weighing 5mg were incubated at 37°C with 50 μL of phosphate buffer saline (PBS) (pH 7.4) for 60 min. The morphological features of the platelets upon adherence to the chitosan were viewed using scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the platelet count was analyzed with an Automated Hematology Analyzer. For platelet aggregation, we added an adenosine diphosphate (ADP) agonist to induce the chitosan-adhered platelets. O-C 52 bound with platelets exhibited platelet aggregates and clumps on the surface of the membrane layer with approximately 70-80% coverage. A statistically significant correlation (p<0.01) for the platelet count was identified between the baseline value and the values at 10 min and 20 min. The results indicate that O-C 53 and O-C 52 were able to promote clotting have the potential to induce the release of platelets engaged in the process of hemostasis.
Synthesis and biological evaluation of curcumin-like diarylpentanoid analogues for anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities

Lee KH, Ab Aziz FH, Syahida A, Abas F, Shaari K, Israf DA, et al.

Eur J Med Chem, 2009 Aug;44(8):3195-200.
PMID: 19359068 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.03.020

A series of 46 curcumin related diarylpentanoid analogues were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities. Among these compounds 2, 13 and 33 exhibited potent NO inhibitory effect on IFN-gamma/LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells as compared to L-NAME and curcumin. However, these series of diarylpentanoid analogues were not significantly inhibiting NO scavenging, total radical scavenging and tyrosinase enzyme activities. The results revealed that the biological activity of these diarylpentanoid analogues is most likely due to their action mainly upon inflammatory mediator, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The present results showed that compounds 2, 13 and 33 might serve as a useful starting point for the design of improved anti-inflammatory agents.
Modulation of formalin-induced fos-like immunoreactivity in the spinal cord by swim stress-induced analgesia, morphine and ketamine

Hayati AA, Zalina I, Myo T, Badariah AA, Azhar A, Idris L

Ger Med Sci, 2008;6:Doc05.
PMID: 19675733

Induction of c-fos in the spinal cord due to pain is well established. This study aims to look at the effects of acute swim stress on Fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) induced by formalin and how it is modulated by ketamine and morphine. Acutely-stressed and non-stressed adult male Sprague Dawley rats were pretreated with intraperitoneal injection of ketamine 5 mg/kg (Ketava, Atlantic Lab), morphine 10 mg/kg (Rhotard, Custom Pharmaceutical), or saline, 5 minutes prior to experimentation. Rats were acutely stressed by swimming for 3 min in 20 degrees C water. Dilute formalin (Formaldehyde, Merck) was injected to the hindpaw and the formalin score recorded. Rats were then sacrificed and spinal cords (L4-L5) removed for immunohistochemical analysis of FLI. Two-way ANOVA showed significant effects of stress, drug and stress-drug interactions in formalin test and FLI. Both morphine and ketamine produced analgesia in the formalin test. In the saline stressed group, FLI was suppressed on the ipsilateral side (p<0.01) but increased on the contralateral side (p<0.01) compared with non-stressed saline. In morphine and ketamine stressed groups, FLI was increased on both ipsilateral and contralateral sides for morphine (ipsilateral: p<0.05; contralateral: p<0.001) and ketamine (ipsilateral: p<0.05, contralateral: p<0.05) compared with their corresponding non-stressed groups. In conclusion, presence of stress may lead to discrepancy between behavioural manifestation of pain and c-fos induction in the spinal cord.
Fulltext Illness perception among hypertensive patients in primary care centre UKMMC

Norfazilah A, Samuel A, Law PT, Ainaa AA, Nurul Ain Z, Syahnaz MH, et al.

Malays Fam Physician, 2013;8(3):19-25.
PMID: 25893053 MyJurnal

Hypertension is one of the chronic diseases with a rising trend globally, including Malaysia. Patients' own perception of their illness is a strong factor that determines their health-seeking behaviour. The objective of this study was to evaluate the illness perception of hypertensive patients and the associated factors.
Fulltext Genome Sequence of a Gram-Positive Diazotroph, Paenibacillus durus Type Strain ATCC 35681

Halim MA, Rahman AY, Sim KS, Yam HC, Rahim AA, Ghazali AH, et al.

Genome Announc, 2016;4(1).
PMID: 26893411 DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00005-16

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Paenibacillus durus type strain ATCC 35681, which can fix atmospheric nitrogen even in the presence of nitrate.

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