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Interference of hemoglobinA1c (HbA1c) detection using ion-exchange high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method by clinically silent hemoglobin variant in University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC)--a case report

Thevarajah M, Nadzimah MN, Chew YY

Clin Biochem, 2009 Mar;42(4-5):430-4.
PMID: 19026622 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2008.10.015

Glycated hemoglobin, measured as HbA1c is used as an index of mean glycemia in diabetic patients over the preceding 2-3 months. Various assay methods are used to measure HbA1c and many factors may interfere with its measurement according to assay method used, causing falsely high or low results.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*
Trace monitoring of water-borne phenolics in the Klang River Basin

Tan GH, Chong CL

Environ Monit Assess, 1993 Feb;24(3):267-77.
PMID: 24227384 DOI: 10.1007/BF00545983

The Klang River Basin is located in the most densely populated region in Malaysia, with its heavy concentration of industries and population. A systematic study of the pollution to this river system caused by phenolic compounds have been carried out under this project. Analyses of water samples from the Klang River by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an ultraviolet (UV) detector at 280 nm have shown the presence of some priority phenolic pollutants.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Safety assessment of standardized aqueous Brucea javanica extract in rats

Man F, Choo CY

J Ethnopharmacol, 2018 Apr 06;215:21-26.
PMID: 29288829 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.12.040

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The seeds of Brucea javanica and its aqueous decoction is a traditional medicine consumed by diabetic patients in Malaysia. The daily consumption of B. javanica seeds and it's aqueous decoction causes much concern as the quassinoids and its glycosides from the seeds exhibited various pharmacological activity at low doses.
AIMS OF STUDY: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the repeated dose toxicity of the standardized aqueous extract administered daily for 30 days through oral administration at its effective hypoglycemia doses.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The seeds were dried, ground and extracted in deionized water. A HPLC-photodiode array method was developed and validated for the standardization of both the hypoglycemia agents, namely bruceine D and E in aqueous extract. Both normoglycemia and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats were fed orally with 15, 30 and 60mg/kg body weight of standardized aqueous extract. The blood glucose was measured at 0-8h. In repeated dose toxicity, similar doses were administered orally to rats for 30 days. At the end of 30 days, the blood was withdrawn and subjected to biochemical and haematology analysis while organs were harvested for histology analysis.
RESULTS: Oral administration of standardized aqueous extract exhibited a dose-response relationship in both the normoglycemia and STZ-induced diabetic rats. Daily oral administration of 15, 30 and 60mg/kg standardized aqueous extract for 30 days to rats did not show signs to toxicity in its biochemical, haematology and histology analysis.
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, although the seeds were reported to contain compounds with various pharmacological activity, the daily oral administration to rats for 30 days do not showed signs of toxicity at its effective hypoglycemia doses.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
HPLC-MS/MS method for bioavailability study of bruceines D & E in rat plasma

Man F, Choo CY

J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci, 2017 Sep 15;1063:183-188.
PMID: 28869873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2017.08.037

Bruceines D and E are quassinoids from seeds of Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. exhibiting hypoglycemia effect. The crude drug is used as a traditional medicine by diabetes patients. The aim of this study is to understand the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of both the bruceines D & E. A rapid and sensitive HPLC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the quantification of both quassinoids, bruceines D & E in rat plasma. Both the bruceines D & E were separated with the Zorbax SBC-18 column with gradient elution and mobile phase system of acetonitrile and deionized water with 0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 0.5mL/min. Analytes were detected in multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode with electrospray positive ionization. The quassinoids, namely bruceines D & E were detected with transitions of m/z 411.2→393.2 and m/z 395.2→377.2, respectively. Another quassinoid, eurycomanone was used as the internal standard with transition of m/z 409.2→391.2. The method was validated and conformed to the regulatory requirements. The validated method was applied to pharmacokinetic and bioavailability studies in rats. The pharmacokinetic study indicated both bruceine D and E were rapidly absorbed into the circulation system and reached its peak concentration at 0.54±0.34h and 0.66±0.30h, respectively. Bruceine E was eliminated slower than Bruceine D with t1/2 value almost increased two-fold compared to Bruceine D. In conclusion, a rapid, selective and sensitive HPLC-MS/MS method was developed for the simultaneous determination of both the bruceines D and E in rat plasma. Both bruceines D and E displayed poor oral bioavailability.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*
Comparative Study of Betacyanin Profile and Antimicrobial Activity of Red Pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) and Red Spinach (Amaranthus dubius)

Yong YY, Dykes G, Lee SM, Choo WS

Plant Foods Hum Nutr, 2017 Mar;72(1):41-47.
PMID: 27917454 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-016-0586-x

Betacyanins are reddish to violet pigments that can be found in red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) and red spinach (Amaranthus dubius). This study investigated the impact of sub-fractionation (solvent partitioning) on betacyanin content in both plants. Characterization of betacyanins and evaluation of their antimicrobial activities were also carried out. Betanin was found in both plants. In addition, isobetanin, phyllocactin and hylocerenin were found in red pitahaya whereas amaranthine and decarboxy-amaranthine were found in red spinach. Sub-fractionated red pitahaya and red spinach had 23.5 and 121.5 % more betacyanin content, respectively, than those without sub-fractionation. Sub-fractionation increased the betanin and decarboxy-amaranthine content in red pitahaya and red spinach, respectively. The betacyanin fraction from red spinach (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] values: 0.78-3.13 mg/mL) demonstrated a better antimicrobial activity profile than that of red pitahaya (MIC values: 3.13-6.25 mg/mL) against nine Gram-positive bacterial strains. Similarly, the red spinach fraction (MIC values: 1.56-3.13 mg/mL) was more active than the red pitahaya fraction (MIC values: 3.13-6.25 mg/mL) against five Gram-negative bacterial strains. This could be because of a higher amount of betacyanin, particularly amaranthine in the red spinach.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Gemcitabine interacts with carbonate apatite with concomitant reduction in particle diameter and enhancement of cytotoxicity in breast cancer cells

Mozar FS, Chowdhury EH

Curr Drug Deliv, 2015;12(3):333-41.
PMID: 25600981

Substantial amount of research has been done in recent decades for the development of nanoparticle systems to selectively deliver drugs to cancer cells for concurrently enhancing and reducing anti-cancer and off-target effects, respectively. pH-sensitive carbonate apatite (CA) was originally developed for efficient and targeted delivery of DNA, siRNA and proteins to various cancer cell lines. Recently, the CA particles were employed to deliver anti-cancer drugs, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin and methotrexate to cancer cells. Here, we report on the fabrication and characterization of gemcitabine- loaded CA particles, followed by the evaluation of their roles in enhancement of cytotoxicity in two human and one murine breast cancer cell lines. HPLC was performed to measure binding efficiency of the drug to the apatite particles whereas particle size and zeta potential were evaluated to characterize drug/apatite complex. Depending on the initial doses of the drug, its bind binding affinity towards the particles varied from 3.85% to 4.45%. The particle size was found to surprisingly decrease with an increase of the initial drug concentration. In vitro chemosensitivity assay revealed that apatite/drug nanoparticle complexes presented significantly higher cytotoxicity to breast cancer cells compared to free drugs, which could be correlated with the enhanced cellular uptake of the small size drug-loaded particles through endocytosis compared to the passive diffusion of the free drug.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Comparative bioavailability study of two controlled-release pentoxifylline tablet preparations

Yuen KH, Wong JW, Peh KK, Julianto T, Choy WP

Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2000 Jul;26(7):803-7.
PMID: 10872103

The bioavailability of a generic preparation of pentoxifylline sustained-release (SR) tablet was evaluated in comparison with a proprietary product (Trental 400). For the study, 12 healthy male volunteers participated; the study was conducted according to a randomized, two-way crossover design. The bioavailability was compared using the parameters total area under the plasma level-time curve AUC0-infinity, peak plasma concentration Cmax, and time to reach peak plasma concentration Tmax. No statistically significant difference was observed between the values of the two products in all three parameters. The 90% confidence interval for the ratio of the logarithmic transformed AUC0-infinity values of the generic pentoxifylline over those of Trental 400 was found to lie between 0.83 and 1.00, while that of the parameter Cmax was between 0.91 and 1.29. In addition, elimination half-life t1/2 and apparent volume of distribution Vd were calculated. There was no statistically significant difference between the t1/2 Vd values obtained from the data of the two preparations.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fulltext Chromatographic Separation of Vitamin E Enantiomers

Fu JY, Htar TT, De Silva L, Tan DM, Chuah LH

Molecules, 2017 Feb 04;22(2).
PMID: 28165404 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22020233

Vitamin E is recognized as an essential vitamin since its discovery in 1922. Most vegetable oils contain a mixture of tocopherols and tocotrienols in the vitamin E composition. Structurally, tocopherols and tocotrienols share a similar chromanol ring and a side chain at the C-2 position. Owing to the three chiral centers in tocopherols, they can appear as eight different stereoisomers. Plant sources of tocopherol are naturally occurring in the form of RRR while synthetic tocopherols are usually in the form of all-racemic mixture. Similarly, with only one chiral center, natural tocotrienols occur as the R-isoform. In this review, we aim to discuss a few chromatographic methods that had been used to separate the stereoisomers of tocopherols and tocotrienols. These methods include high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography and combination of both. The review will focus on method development including selection of chiral columns, detection method and choice of elution solvent in the context of separation efficiency, resolution and chiral purity. The applications for separation of enantiomers in vitamin E will also be discussed especially in terms of the distinctive biological potency among the stereoisoforms.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Two-stage bile preparation with acetone for recovery of fluorescent aromatic compounds (FACs)

Karami A, Syed MA, Christianus A, Willett KL, Mazzeo JR, Courtenay SC

J Hazard Mater, 2012 Jul 15;223-224:84-93.
PMID: 22608400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.04.051

In this study we sought to optimize recovery of fluorescent aromatic compounds (FACs) from the bile of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) injected with 10mg/kg benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). Fractions of pooled bile were hydrolyzed, combined with ten volumes of methanol, ethanol, acetonitrile, or acetone, centrifuged and supernatants were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescent detection (HPLC/FL). As well, to test whether FACs were being lost in solids from the centrifugation, pellets were resuspended, hydrolyzed and mixed with six volumes of the organic solvent that produced best FAC recovery from the supernatant, and subjected to HPLC/FL. Highest FAC concentrations were obtained with 2000μl and 1250μl acetone for supernatants and resuspended pellets respectively. FACs concentrations were negatively correlated with biliary protein content but were unaffected by addition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) followed by no incubation indicating that the presence of proteins in the biliary mixture does not simply interfere with detection of FACs. In another experiment, efficiency of acetone addition was compared to two different liquid-liquid extractions (L-LEs). Acetone additions provided significantly higher biliary FACs than the L-LE methods. The new two-stage bile preparation with acetone is an efficient, inexpensive and easily performed method.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Identification of proanthocyanidin dimers and trimers, flavone C-Glycosides, and antioxidants in Ficus deltoidea , a malaysian herbal tea

Omar MH, Mullen W, Crozier A

J Agric Food Chem, 2011 Feb 23;59(4):1363-9.
PMID: 21261251 DOI: 10.1021/jf1032729

Phenolic compounds in an aqueous infusion of leaves of Ficus deltoidea (Moraceae), a well-known herbal tea in Malaysia, were analyzed by HPLC coupled to photodiode array and fluorescence detectors and an electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometer. Following chromatography of extracts on a reversed phase C(12) column, 25 flavonoids were characterized and/or tentatively identified with the main constituents being flavan-3-ol monomers, proanthocyanidins, and C-linked flavone glycosides. The proanthocyanidins were dimers and trimers comprising (epi)catechin and (epi)afzelechin units. No higher molecular weight proanthocyanidin polymers were detected. The antioxidant activity of F. deltoidea extract was analyzed using HPLC with online antioxidant detection. This revealed that 85% of the total antioxidant activity of the aqueous F. deltoidea infusion was attributable to the flavan-3-ol monomers and the proanthocyanidins.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Effect of palm oil carotene on breast cancer tumorigenicity in nude mice

Nesaretnam K, Radhakrishnan A, Selvaduray KR, Reimann K, Pailoor J, Razak G, et al.

Lipids, 2002 Jun;37(6):557-60.
PMID: 12120953

Biological therapies are new additions to breast cancer treatment. Among biological compounds, beta-carotene has been reported to have immune modulatory effects, in particular, enhancement of natural killer cell activity and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production by macrophages. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of palm carotene supplementation on the tumorigenicity of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells injected into athymic nude mice and to explore the mechanism by which palm carotenes suppress tumorigenesis. Forty-eight 4-wk-old mice were injected with 1 x 10(6) MCF-7 cells into their mammary fat pad. The experimental group was supplemented with palm carotene whereas the control group was not. Significant differences were observed in tumor incidence (P< 0.001) and tumor surface area and metastasis to lung (P< 0.005) between the two groups. Natural killer (NK) cells and B-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of carotene-supplemented mice were significantly increased (P < 0.05 and P < 0.001, respectively) compared with controls. These results suggest that palm oil carotene is able to modulate the immune system by increasing peripheral blood NK cells and B-lymphocytes and suppress the growth of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Sequential saccharification and simultaneous fermentation (sssf) of sago hampas for the production of bioethanol

Micky Vincent, Berry Rence Anak Senawi, Ennry Esut, Norizawati Muhammad Nor, Dayang Salwani Awang Adeni

Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:899-904.

Bioethanol is a very environmentally friendly liquid biofuel that is not only renewable, but also sustainable. It is currently
deemed as a highly suitable additive and substitute energy source to replace fossil based fuel. In this study, bioethanol
was produced from sago hampas by using commercial amylase, cellulase and Saccharomyces cerevisiae via sequential
saccharification and simultaneous fermentation (SSSF), a modified version of the simultaneous saccharification and
fermentation (SSF) process. SSSF was performed on sago hampas at 2.5 and 5.0% (w/v) feedstock load for five days. The
samples taken from the SSSF broths were analysed via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for ethanol, glucose
and acetic acid production. From the results obtained, SSSF with 5.0% sago hampas loading exhibited the highest ethanol
production at 14.13 g/L (77.43% of theoretical ethanol yield), while SSSF using 2.5% sago hampas loading produced
ethanol at 6.45 g/L (69.24% of theoretical ethanol yield). This study has shown that ethanol not only can be produced
from sago hampas using different enzyme mixtures and S. cerevisiae via SSSF, but yields were also high, making this
process highly promising for the production of cheap and sustainable ethanol as fuel.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Determination of a new antimalarial drug, benflumetol, in blood plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography

Mansor SM, Navaratnam V, Yahaya N, Nair NK, Wernsdorfer WH, Degen PH

J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl, 1996 Jul 12;682(2):321-5.
PMID: 8844426

A rapid and selective high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for determination of a new antimalarial drug (benflumetol, BFL) is described. After extraction with hexane-diethyl ether (70:30, v/v) from plasma, BFL was analysed using a C18 Partisil 10 ODS-3 reversed-phase stainless steel column and a mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.1 M ammonium acetate (90:10, v/v) adjusted to pH 4.9 with ultraviolet detection at 335 nm. The mean recovery of BFL over a concentration range of 50-400 ng/ml was 96.8 +/- 5.2%. The within-day and day-to-day coefficients of variation were 1.8-4.0 and 1.8-4.2%, respectively. The minimum detectable concentration in plasma for BFL was 5 ng/ml with a C.V. of less than 10%. This method was found to be suitable for clinical pharmacokinetic studies.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*
Modulation of lipid metabolism by Centella asiatica in oxidative stress rats

Hussin M, Hamid AA, Mohamad S, Saari N, Bakar F, Dek SP

J Food Sci, 2009 Mar;74(2):H72-8.
PMID: 19323754 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2009.01045.x

A study was carried out to investigate the effects of Centella asiatica leaf on lipid metabolism of oxidative stress rats. The rats were fed 0.1% hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) with either 0.3% (w/w) C. asiatica extract, 5%C. asiatica powder (w/w), or 0.3% (w/w) alpha-tocopherol for 25 wk. Results of the study showed that C. asiatica powder significantly (P < 0.05) lowered serum low-density lipoprotein compared to that of control rats (rats fed H(2)O(2) only). At the end of the study C. asiatica-fed rats were also found to have significantly (P < 0.05) higher high-density lipoprotein and lower triglyceride level compared to rats fed only normal diet. However, cholesterol level of rats fed both C. asiatica extract and powder was found to be significantly (P < 0.05) higher compared to that of control rats. It was interesting to note that consumption of C. asiatica significantly decreased body and liver weights of the rats. Histological examinations revealed no obvious changes in all rats studied. Quantitative analysis of C. asiatica leaf revealed high concentration of total phenolic compounds, in particular, catechin, quercetin, and rutin.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Evidence of okadaic acid production in a cultured strain of the marine dinoflagellate Prorocentrum rhathymum from Malaysia

Caillaud A, de la Iglesia P, Campàs M, Elandaloussi L, Fernández M, Mohammad-Noor N, et al.

Toxicon, 2010 Feb-Mar;55(2-3):633-7.
PMID: 19631680 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2009.07.016

Protein phosphatase inhibition assay (PPIA), Neuroblastoma cell-based assay (Neuro-2a CBA) and LC-MS/MS analysis revealed for the first time the production of okadaic acid (OA) by a Prorocentrum rhathymum strain. Low amounts of OA were detected by LC-MS/MS analysis. Inhibition of PP2A activity and a weak toxicity to the Neuro-2a CBA were also observed.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fulltext Thymoquinone content in marketed black seed oil in Malaysia

Alkhatib H, Mawazi SM, Al-Mahmood SMA, Zaiter A, Doolaanea AA

J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2020 07 18;12(3):284-288.
PMID: 33100788 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_208_20

Thymoquinone (TQ) is the major active compound in black seed oil (BSO). Many pharmacological effects of TQ, such as anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, immune stimulator, and anticancer, have been reported. TQ can be considered as a biomarker for BSO, but its content in the commercial products is rarely reported. TQ content varies based on the oil source and extraction method. This study aimed to quantify the TQ content in the commercial BSO products in Malaysia and to evaluate whether the products can be used as a source of TQ for therapeutic benefits. TQ was quantified using an established high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. TQ human equivalent dose (HED) was calculated based on reported animal studies from literature, and theoretical BSO amount containing the TQ dose was calculated based on the HPLC analysis. TQ content in the commercial BSO products ranged from 0.07% wt/wt to 1.88% wt/wt. The product with the highest TQ concentration is approximately 27-fold higher than the product with the lowest TQ concentration. Consequently, theoretical BSO amounts needed for specific diseases varied and some products cannot provide practical amount of TQ. This study recommends the regulation of TQ content in BSO and suggests that the BSO might be fortified with extra TQ to be effectively used in some diseases.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Biowaiver monograph for immediate-release solid oral dosage forms: bisoprolol fumarate

Charoo NA, Shamsher AA, Lian LY, Abrahamsson B, Cristofoletti R, Groot DW, et al.

J Pharm Sci, 2014 Feb;103(2):378-91.
PMID: 24382794 DOI: 10.1002/jps.23817

Literature data relevant to the decision to allow a waiver of in vivo bioequivalence (BE) testing for the approval of immediate-release (IR) solid oral dosage forms containing bisoprolol as the sole active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) are reviewed. Bisoprolol is classified as a Class I API according to the current Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS). In addition to the BCS class, its therapeutic index, pharmacokinetic properties, data related to the possibility of excipient interactions, and reported BE/bioavailability problems are taken into consideration. Qualitative compositions of IR tablet dosage forms of bisoprolol with a marketing authorization (MA) in ICH (International Conference on Harmonisation) countries are tabulated. It was inferred that these tablets had been demonstrated to be bioequivalent to the innovator product. No reports of failure to meet BE standards have been made in the open literature. On the basis of all these pieces of evidence, a biowaiver can currently be recommended for bisoprolol fumarate IR dosage forms if (1) the test product contains only excipients that are well known, and used in normal amounts, for example, those tabulated for products with MA in ICH countries and (2) both the test and comparator dosage form are very rapidly dissolving, or, rapidly dissolving with similarity of the dissolution profiles demonstrated at pH 1.2, 4.5, and 6.8.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Adenylosuccinate lyase deficiency in a Malaysian patient, with novel adenylosuccinate lyase gene mutations

Chen BC, McGown IN, Thong MK, Pitt J, Yunus ZM, Khoo TB, et al.

J Inherit Metab Dis, 2010 Dec;33 Suppl 3:S159-62.
PMID: 20177786 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-010-9056-z

Most cases of adenylosuccinate lyase (ADSL OMIM 103050) deficiency reported to date are confined to the various European ethnic groups. We report on the first Malaysian case of ADSL deficiency, which appears also to be the first reported Asian case. The case was diagnosed among a cohort of 450 patients with clinical features of psychomotor retardation, global developmental delay, seizures, microcephaly and/or autistic behaviour. The patient presented with frequent convulsions and severe myoclonic jerk within the first few days of life and severe psychomotor retardation. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) profile of the urine revealed the characteristic biochemical markers of succinyladenosine (S-Ado) and succinyl-aminoimidazole carboximide riboside (SAICAr). The urinary S-Ado/SAICAr ratio was found to be 1.02 (type I ADSL deficiency). The patient was compound heterozygous for two novel mutations, c.445C > G (p.R149G) and c.774_778insG (p.A260GfsX24).

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fulltext Antioxidant capacities and total phenolic contents enhancement with acute gamma irradiation in Curcuma alismatifolia (Zingiberaceae) leaves

Taheri S, Abdullah TL, Karimi E, Oskoueian E, Ebrahimi M

Int J Mol Sci, 2014;15(7):13077-90.
PMID: 25056545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150713077

The present study was conducted in order to assess the effect of various doses of acute gamma irradiation (0, 10, 15, and 20 Gy) on the improvement of bioactive compounds and their antioxidant properties of Curcuma alismatifolia var. Sweet pink. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC) analysis uncovered that various types of phenolic, flavonoid compounds, and fatty acids gradually altered in response to radiation doses. On the other hand, antioxidant activities determined by 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reduction, antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assay showed a higher irradiation level significantly increased the antioxidant properties. This study revealed an efficient effect of varying levels of gamma radiation, based on the pharmaceutical demand to enhance the accumulation and distribution of bioactive compounds such as phenolic and flavonoid compounds, fatty acids, as well as their antioxidant activities in the leaves of C. alismatifolia var. Sweet pink.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
Fulltext Separation and identification of bromelain-generated antibacterial peptides from Actinopyga lecanora

Ghanbari R, Ebrahimpour A

Food Sci Biotechnol, 2018 Apr;27(2):591-598.
PMID: 30263784 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-017-0267-z

Actinopyga lecanora, as a rich protein source was hydrolysed to generate antibacterial bioactive peptides using different proteolytic enzymes. Bromelain hydrolysate, after 1 h hydrolysis, exhibited the highestantibacterial activities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas sp., Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Two dimensional fractionation strategies, using a semi-preparative RP-HPLC and an isoelectric-focusing electrophoresis, were applied for peptide profiling. Furthermore, UPLC-QTOF-MS was used for peptides identification; 12 peptide sequences were successfully identified. The antibacterial activity of purified peptides from A. lecanora on P. aeruginosa, Pseudomonas sp., E. coli and S. aureus was investigated. These identified peptides exhibited growth inhibition against P. aeruginosa, Pseudomonas sp., E. coli and S. aureus with values ranging from 18.80 to 75.30%. These results revealed that the A. lecanora would be used as an economical protein source for the production of high value antibacterial bioactive peptides.

Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid

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