Displaying publications 241 - 260 of 534 in total

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  1. Fulltext Obesogens as an environmental risk factor for obesity
    Radi, F., Hasni, M.J.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2014;14(3):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Obesity is a main public health problem predisposes many to the obesity-related health problems worldwide. Malaysia was ranked as sixth in Asia with high prevalence of obesity by the World Health Organisation in 2010. It is multifactorial origin and depends on many internal and external interactions; between human beings and the environment. In this review article, the focus will be on the example of chemical obesogens that present silently in the daily diet, pharmaceutical or industrial compounds that predispose people to obesity through altering and disrupting normal bodily metabolic processes
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment
  2. Fulltext Physical activity and cardiovascular risk factors among Malays in selected rural and urban communities in Sarawak
    Cheah, Whye Lian, Helmy Hazmi, Chang, Ching Thon, Wan Manan Wan Muda
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2015;15(3):104-111.
    MyJurnal
    The objective of this study was to describe the differences in physical activity with socio-demographic factors and its association with cardiovascular risk factors. It was a cross-sectional study among selected urban and rural Malays communities in Kuching and Samarahan. Physical activity data was obtained using International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short version. Assessment of cardiovascular risk factors was based on blood pressure, fasting cholesterol and glucose and body mass index (BMI). Data was analysed using SPSS version 20. A total of 223 participated with higher response from rural areas (60.1%) and females (61.9%). More than half of the respondents (58.5%) were overweight and obese, with a mean BMI of 25.9 kg/m2 (SD=4.9). About 25% of the respondents were found to have blood pressure in the at-risk range. The prevalence of at-risk blood glucose was 52.3% with a mean value of 7.3mmol/L (SD=3.46). The prevalence of at-risk cholesterol were lower with 31.8%, mean value of 3.5 mmol/L (SD=2.94). There were more active respondents living in rural area (p=0.02). Logistics regression analysis showed that urban area (OR=1.988 95% CI 1.082 to 3.652), systolic blood pressure (OR1.020 95% CI 1.003 to 1.037) and blood cholesterol (OR0.884 95% CI 0.785 to 0.996) were associated with physical activity level. Change of physical activity due to urbanization can increase the risk of obesity and other chronic diseases. Efforts to include physical activity in intervention programme should be more intensified, with more provision of suitable built environment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment Design
  3. Fulltext Revisiting pedestrian casualties in Malaysia and the escalating new threats
    Mohd Syazwan, S., Aqbal, H.A., Azhar, H., Zulhadi, M., Sharifah Allyana, S.M.R., Baba M.D.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2018;18(102):104-110.
    MyJurnal
    Pedestrians' fatality trend in road crashes has been improving in recent years though it remains third in rank behind
    motorcyclists and car occupants. Based on the statistics, young pedestrians were the most affected group and the
    commonest injury regions were head and legs. Pedestrian crashes occurred primarily in rural areas and straight roads
    and at low light environment, and often involve cars and motorcycles. In addition to existing issues of careless and
    illegal crossing practices, there are potential new hazards face by pedestrian, which are mobile electronic device use
    and electric vehicle, especially when crossing roads. Road safety programs and interventions shall consider these new
    issues.
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment
  4. Fulltext A rare cause of otalgia and otorrhagia: alive leech in the ear
    Mohd Syafwan Mohd Soffian, Irfan Mohamad, Norasnieda Md Shukri
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2016;12(2):44-45.
    MyJurnal
    Leech infestation in otolaryngology is sporadically seen in
    remote area of tropical countries, but the cases are usually not
    scientifically reported. We are reporting an unusual case of a
    land leech removal from external auditory canal (EAC).
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment
  5. Fulltext Introduction to customized occupational safety and health website and its effectiveness in improving Psychosocial Safety Climate (PSC) among police officers
    Irniza Rasdi, Nadia Farhana Ismail, Andy, Shin Shyen Kong, Suhainizam Muhammad Saliluddin
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(2):67-73.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The prevalence of stress among Malaysian police is high in which 38.8% polices have severe stress related to work resources and workplace environment. Psychosocial safety climate is one of the indicators that can be used to avoid psychosocial health problems. Objective: This study was conducted to determine the risk factors of psychosocial safety climate and to measure the effectiveness of a customised safety website in improving the safety climate. Methodology: This study involved 105 police officers who were randomly selected from nine different departments in PDRM Bukit Aman. A survey adapted from previous study was used to determine the psychosocial safety climate levels among respondents. Then, occupational safety website was introduced to the respondents and being used for two weeks. Lastly, post survey was done to see the difference of psychosocial safety climate before and after the use of the website. Results and Discussion: Findings showed that team psychological safety (r=0.381, p= , p=
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment
  6. Fulltext Pesticides contamination and analytical methods of determination in environmental matrices in Malaysia and their potential human health effects – a review
    Siti Zulfa Zaidon, Ho, Yu Bin, Zailina Hashim, Praveena, Sarva Mangala, Nazamid Saari
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(101):81-88.
    MyJurnal
    Pesticides application is essential in protecting crops and increases their productivity. However, this causes the pesticide residues to contaminate the crops and their surrounding environment that will eventually lead to exposure to human being. There is very little understanding on the human health effects of pesticides, thus many studies are being carried out for this purpose. In conjunction to this, there are various analytical methods on multi-residue pesticides analysis that have been developed over the years in various samples. This review provides an overview of the reported concentration of pesticides, the extraction and determination techniques of pesticides in environmental samples and the potential health effects they imposed on human in Malaysia from 2007 to 2017.
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment
  7. Fulltext Physical inactivity among health staff: what influences the behaviour?
    Nurhaliza Zakariah, Ragunath, Priya, Feisul Idzwan Mustapha, Huda Zainuddin
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(3):16-23.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Physical inactivity has been recognised as the fourth leading risk factor for mortality worldwide. Individuals who are physically inactive have an increased risk of 20% to 30% of dying prematurely. Individuals who fulfil the minimum recommendations of physical activity can reduce the development of Non-Communicable Diseases. In 2015, 33.5% of Malaysian adults were reported to be physically inactive. Various factors were found to be associated with physical activity participation and these factors need to be explored. Methods: A cross-sectional study using proportionate simple random sampling was conducted. A total of 310 health staff were sampled according to the proportion from five divisions and data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire. IBM SPSS version 22.0 were used to analyse the data. Predictors for physical activity were also determined. Results: The response rate was 97.7% (303 out of 310). The prevalence of physical inactivity among respondents was 37.6%. The predictors for physical inactivity were smoker/ex-smoker (aOR=2.308, p=0.027), certificate/diploma education (aOR=2.135, p=0.008), personal barrier (aOR=1.055, p=0.017) and social environment barrier (aOR=1.106, p =0.025). Conclusion: People that have a higher possibility of being physically inactive were those with certificate or diploma education and smokers or ex-smokers. Those with personal barriers and social environment barriers likewise have higher probability of being physically inactive. Thus, appropriate health interventions should be developed by taking these factors into consideration to promote physical activity among the health staff.
    Matched MeSH terms: Social Environment
  8. Fulltext Aquaponics recirculation system: a sustainable food source for the future water conserves and resources
    Azizah Endut, Fathurrahman Lananan, Ahmad Jusoh, Wan Norsani Wan Nik, Nora'aini Ali
    Malaysian Journal of Applied Sciences, 2018;1(1):1-12.
    MyJurnal
    The current and escalating extent of soil degradation, water scarcity and environmental concern
    plaguing agricultural productivity, demands re-assessing the direction of food production. Aquaponics
    is a concept relatively new to modern food production methods and can contribute to food security.
    This study was conducted to establish sustainable aquaculture systems that maximize benefits and
    minimize the accumulation of detrimental compounds and other types of negative impacts on both
    natural and social environments. This study carried out at an average inflow rate of 1.28 m/day to
    evaluate the operation of the aquaponics recirculation system (ARS) on nutrients removal and growth
    and yield of African catfish as well as water spinach. A special design of ARS was used to provide
    nitrification of fishery wastewater, where the combination of sands and gravels in hydroponics trough,
    providing both surfaces for biofuel development and cultivation area for plants. Removal efficiencies
    of 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total suspended solids (TSS), total ammonia nitrogen
    (TAN), nitrite-nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N), and orthophosphate (PO4
    3-
    ) were 82%, 89%,
    93%, 94%, 81%, and 80%, respectively. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate
    (SGR) of African catfish were 1.08 and 3.34% day-1
    , respectively. The average water spinach
    production was 3.56 kg per m2
    . This study showed that ARS is a method of producing crop along with
    a healthy protein source and among the best alternatives for achieving economic and environmental
    sustainability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Social Environment
  9. Fulltext Inculcating research culture among members of the dental fraternity
    Mas Suryalis Ahmad
    Malaysian Dental Journal, 2015;38(2):1-4.
    MyJurnal
    In 2013, the Malaysian Education Blueprint (Higher Education) was developed by the Ministry of Education to guide the transformation process of the education system in this country for the next decade, starting from 2015 (1). The blueprint highlighted core aspirations for Malaysian higher education, which includes rapid expansion of research output and quality (1). This effort is in line with the nation's aspiration to uplift the standard of service provision among healthcare professionals, whose practice should advance on the essence of high quality scientific evidence.(Copied from article)
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment
  10. Fulltext Forecasting ozone concentration levels using Box-Jenkins ARIMA modelling and artificial neural networks: a comparative study
    Norhashidah Awang, Ng, Kar Yong, Soo, Yin Hoeng
    MATEMATIKA, 2017;33(2):119-130.
    MyJurnal
    An accurate forecasting of tropospheric ozone (O3) concentration is benefi-
    cial for strategic planning of air quality. In this study, various forecasting techniques are
    used to forecast the daily maximum O3 concentration levels at a monitoring station
    in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. The Box-Jenkins autoregressive integrated movingaverage
    (ARIMA) approach and three types of neural network models, namely, backpropagation
    neural network, Elman recurrent neural network and radial basis function
    neural network are considered. The daily maximum data, spanning from 1 January
    2011 to 7 August 2011, was obtained from the Department of Environment, Malaysia.
    The performance of the four methods in forecasting future values of ozone concentrations
    is evaluated based on three criteria, which are root mean square error (RMSE),
    mean absolute error (MAE) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE). The findings
    show that the Box-Jenkins approach outperformed the artificial neural network
    methods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment
  11. Fulltext Extreme modelling of missing acacia mangium height data
    Adam, M.B., Norazman, N., Mohamad Kasim, M.R.
    MATEMATIKA, 2018;34(1):113-123.
    MyJurnal
    Logging activity is one of the most important activities for tropical countries
    including Malaysia, as it produces quality trees for papers. One of the important tree
    species is the Acacia Mangium which it produces a soft tree for papermaking enterprises.
    The papers are exported to Europe and countries which have high demand for paper
    due to the rapid development of the printing industry. Thus we analyzed the height for
    individual trees. We investigate the maximum height of the trees from 1990 to 2006
    and we fit the data using extreme value model. Some of the data are missing and three
    imputation methods we used to solve this problem.
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment
  12. Suicidal ideation in systemic lupus erythematosus: NR2A gene polymorphism, clinical and psychosocial factors
    Buji RI, Abdul Murad NA, Chan LF, Maniam T, Mohd Shahrir MS, Rozita M, et al.
    Lupus, 2018 Apr;27(5):744-752.
    PMID: 29161964 DOI: 10.1177/0961203317742711
    Background Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are a high-risk population for suicide. Glutamatergic neurosystem genes have been implicated in the neurobiology of depression in SLE and suicidal behaviour in general. However, the role of glutamate receptor gene polymorphisms in suicidal behaviour among SLE patients remains unclear in the context of established clinical and psychosocial factors. We aimed to investigate the association of NR2A gene polymorphism with suicidal ideation in SLE while accounting for the interaction between clinical and psychosocial factors. Methods A total of 130 SLE patients were assessed for mood disorders (MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview), severity of depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), suicidal behaviour (Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating Scale), socio-occupational functioning (Work and Social Adjustment Scale), recent life events (Social Readjustment Rating Scale) and lupus disease activity (SELENA-SLE Disease Activity Index). Eighty-six out of the 130 study participants consented for NR2A genotyping. Results Multivariable logistic regression showed nominal significance for the interaction effect between the NR2A rs2072450 AC genotype and higher severity of socio-occupational impairment with lifetime suicidal ideation in SLE patients ( p = 0.038, odds ratio = 1.364, 95% confidence interval = 1.018-1.827). However, only the association between lifetime mood disorder and lifetime suicidal ideation remained significant after Bonferroni correction ( p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Gene-Environment Interaction
  13. Fulltext The Combined Effect of Polygenic Risk from FTO and ADRB2 Gene Variants, Odds of Obesity, and Post-Hipcref Diet Differences
    Tan PY, Mitra SR
    Lifestyle Genom, 2020;13(2):84-98.
    PMID: 32101872 DOI: 10.1159/000505662
    BACKGROUND: Computing polygenic risk scores (PRS) to predict the degree of risk for obesity may contribute to weight management programs strategically.

    OBJECTIVES: To investigate the combined effect of FTO rs9930501, rs9930506, and rs9932754 and ADRB2 rs1042713 and rs1042714 using PRS on (1) the odds of obesity and (2) post-intervention differences in dietary, anthropometric, and cardiometabolic parameters in response to high-protein calorie-restricted, high-vitamin E, high-fiber (Hipcref) diet intervention in Malaysian adults.

    METHODS: Both a cross-sectional study (n = 178) and a randomized controlled trial (RCT) (n = 128) were conducted to test the aforementioned objectives. PRS was computed as the weighted sum of the risk alleles possessed by each individual participant. Participants were stratified into first (PRS 0-0.64), second (PRS 0.65-3.59), and third (PRS 3.60-8.18) tertiles.

    RESULTS: The third tertile of PRS was associated with significantly higher odds of obesity: 2.29 (95% CI = 1.11-4.72, adjusted p = 0.025) compared to the first tertile. Indians (3.9 ± 0.3) had significantly higher PRS compared to Chinese (2.1 ± 0.4) (p = 0.010). In the RCT, a greater reduction in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels was found in second and third tertiles after Hipcref diet intervention compared to the control diet (p interaction = 0.048).

    CONCLUSION: Higher PRS was significantly associated with increased odds of obesity. Individuals with higher PRS had a significantly greater reduction in hsCRP levels after Hipcref diet compared to the control diet.

    Matched MeSH terms: Gene-Environment Interaction
  14. Fulltext Effects of open-top chamber on soil chemical properties and microbial growth
    Kqueen, Cheah Yoke, Maryam Abdulla Seif, Mohamed Ikhtifar Rafi, Lim, Wei Meng, Ling, Clemente Michael Wong Vui, Tan, Geok Yuan Annie
    Life Sciences, Medicine and Biomedicine, 2018;2(3):10-15.
    MyJurnal
    Global warming is the main concern in today’s century as it comes with numerous side effects to the natural environment. Open Top Chambers (OTC) consist of metal constructions with transparent vertical side-walls and a frustum on top. An opening in the middle of the frustum allows an air exchange to reduce temperature and humidity effects in the chamber. The size of the open top chamber which is located in Universiti Putra Malaysia is slanted 60o, 50cm tall, 2.08m basal diameter hexagon chamber. The Open Top Chamber experiments were carried out to determine how much global warming has affected and is still affecting the temperature, pH, the moisture and the growth of the microbes in the tropical soil. The aim of this study is to elucidate the effects of temperature increase on the soil microbes’ population and on the pH of the soil. The study was conducted to observe the effect of heat on the population of soil microbes and the pH of the soil which was collected on the same day for 6 consecutive months. The microbes from the samples were grown on agar plates. The population of microbes on the plates were used as values were for Colony Forming Unit (CFU) value calculations. The effects of OTCs on mean temperature showed a large range of CFU values throughout the 6 months but did not differ significantly between studies. Increases in mean monthly and diurnal temperature were strongly related, indicating that the presence of warming effect by the OTCs. Such predictive power allows a better mechanistic understanding of observed biotic response to experimental warming. This study will be useful for the understanding of the global warming effect on microbes. The Open Top Chamber experiment has proven to be one of the effective model for global warming research and data collected especially on the growth of soil microbial obtained would be of great use for further experiments.
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment
  15. The Lancet Commission on diabetes: using data to transform diabetes care and patient lives
    Chan JCN, Lim LL, Wareham NJ, Shaw JE, Orchard TJ, Zhang P, et al.
    Lancet, 2021 Dec 19;396(10267):2019-2082.
    PMID: 33189186 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32374-6
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment
  16. Natural infection in primates: helminths and problems in primate phylogeny, ecology, and behavior
    Dunn FL
    Lab Anim Care, 1970 Apr;20(2):383-8.
    PMID: 4245583
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment
  17. Fulltext Gene-environment Interaction: The Causes of High Obesity Incidence
    Ellulu MS, Jalambo MO
    Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ), 2018 2 16;15(57):91-93.
    PMID: 29446373
    Urbanization has provided experimental settings for testing the interactive relationship between genetic background and changes in lifestyle and dietary patterns. The concept of gene-environment interaction was described by epidemic of obesity along with urbanization. Genome-wide association has identified several genes such as melanocortin-4 receptor that associates with environmental influences of obesity. Gene environment (GxE) interaction refers to modification by an environmental factor of the effect of a genetic variant on a phenotypic trait. GxE interactions can serve to modulate the adverse effects of a risk allele, or can exacerbate the genotype-phenotype relationship and increase risk.
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment; Gene-Environment Interaction*
  18. Fulltext Bioaccumulation trends of Cs-134 and Cd-109 in the Asian tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon via waterborne exposure pathway
    Zal U'yun Wan Mahmood, Norfaizal Mohamad, Nur Nazirah Johari
    Jurnal Sains Nuklear Malaysia, 2017;29(2):60-69.
    MyJurnal
    Accumulation kinetic trends of cesium and cadmium in the Penaeus monodon were studied using Cs-134 and Cd-109 as a tracer. The objective of this study was to quantify the uptake and loss/depuration kinetic of these two radionuclides in the Penaeus monodon. Uptake and loss/depuration kinetic of these two radionuclides in the Penaeus monodon were varied widely, displayed a simple double kinetic model of linear and exponential trend with time unless modified by moulting at the stage in the mount cycle. Therefore, the variation of Cs-134 and Cd-109 bio-concentration factor could be concluded considerably influence by moulting cycle, environmental and biological condition as well as physico-chemical that direct effects on their uptake and loss/depuration kinetic.
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment
  19. Fulltext Lip print analysis in Malaysian Chinese population (Klang Valley): lipstick cellophane tape technique
    Noor Hazfalinda Hamzah, Amalina Farhatul Farida Mohamad Seliman, Khairul Osman, Gabriel, Gina Francesca
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2020;18(2):31-38.
    MyJurnal
    Cheiloscopy is recognized as a tool for personal identification due to its strength in criminalistics. In this study, the lip print of Malaysian Chinese population in Klang Valley was used for gender determination using lipstick-cellophane technique. 412 subjects (203 males and 209 females) were selected conveniently. Lipstick was first applied on the lips and the lip print was lifted using cellophane tape prior to pasting them onto a plain A4 paper and analysis using magnifying glass. Six topography areas of lip prints were classified using Suzuki and Tsuchihashi’s classification, including upper left, upper middle, upper right, lower right, lower middle and lower left. Chi-square test showed that all lip sections were significantly different from each other (p < 0.05). Type II was the dominant pattern in four lip sections for both genders: upper left (male 81.3%, female 57.4%), upper right (male 71.9%, female 42.9%), lower left (male 98.0%, female 90.0%) and lower right (male 96.1%, female 86.1%). Type IV was the dominant pattern for both middle part of the lips; upper middle (male 56.2%, female 50.7%) and lower middle (male 62.6%, female 50.2%). The results showed that gender can be differentiated based on lip print patterns. This finding suggested that cheiloscopy could be used in aiding personal identification for forensic investigation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment
  20. Kesejahteraan psikologikal Orang Asli di Pertak dan Gerachi Jaya
    Desa A, Ahmad A, Sharkawi Z
    Jurnal Psikologi Malaysia, 2009;olume 23:19-25.
    This study explores whether differences in levels of psychological well-being exist between the Orang Asli in Pertak and those in Gerachi Jaya. Field studies were conductecl on orang Asli in both these villages by using structured interviews. Psychological well-being questionnaires were modified by the researcher based on the Psychological Well-being Scale (Ryff 1989). Psychological well-being was measured in terms of autonomy, control environment, personal development and positive relationships. This study involved 40 Orang Asli from Gerachi City and 35 Orang Asli from Pertak. Data were analyzed with SPSS software using t-tests. Results show that the levels of psychological well-being between the two groups were not significantly different (t= 0.339, k> 0.05). Implications are also discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Environment
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