Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 63 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext A Colorimetric pH Sensor Based on Clitoria sp and Brassica sp for Monitoring of Food Spoilage Using Chromametry
    Ahmad NA, Yook Heng L, Salam F, Mat Zaid MH, Abu Hanifah S
    Sensors (Basel), 2019 Nov 05;19(21).
    PMID: 31694284 DOI: 10.3390/s19214813
    A developed colorimetric pH sensor film based on edible materials for real-time monitoring of food freshness is described. The mixed natural dyes from edible plants Clitoria sp and Brassica sp were extracted and incorporated into ι-carrageenan film as a colorimetric pH sensor film for monitoring food spoilage and its freshness. The color changes of the developed colorimetric sensor film were measured with chromametry and UV-vis spectroscopy, respectively. Experimental results show that colorimetric pH sensor film demonstrated statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between CIE-L*a*b* coordinates color system indicated that the developed colorimetric sensor film was able to give a gradual change in color over a wide pH range. The color of the colorimetric sensor film also changes discretely and linearly with factors that contribute to food spoilage using shrimp and durian samples. Moreover, the developed colorimetric pH sensor film has the potential to be used as a safe, non-destructive testing and also a flexibly visual method for direct assessment of food freshness indicator during storage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins/analysis
  2. Fulltext Flavonoids as Natural Anti-Inflammatory Agents Targeting Nuclear Factor-Kappa B (NFκB) Signaling in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Mini Review
    Choy KW, Murugan D, Leong XF, Abas R, Alias A, Mustafa MR
    Front Pharmacol, 2019;10:1295.
    PMID: 31749703 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01295
    Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as angina, hypertension, myocardial ischemia, and heart failure are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. One of the major transcription factors widely associated with CVDs is nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB). NFκB activation initiates the canonical and non-conical pathways that promotes activation of transcription factors leading to inflammation, such as leukocyte adhesion molecules, cytokines, and chemokines. Flavonoids are bioactive polyphenolic compounds found abundantly in various fruits, vegetables, beverages (tea, coffee), nuts, and cereal products with cardiovascular protective properties. Flavonoids can be classified into six subgroups based on their chemical structures: flavanones, flavones, flavonols, flavan-3-ols, isoflavones, and anthocyanidins. As NFκB inhibitors, these flavonoids may modulate the expression of pro-inflammatory genes leading to the attenuation of the inflammatory responses underlying various cardiovascular pathology. This review presents an update on the anti-inflammatory actions of flavonoids via inhibition of NFκB mechanism supporting the therapeutic potential of these natural compounds in various CVDs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins
  3. Superfruits: Phytochemicals, antioxidant efficacies, and health effects - A comprehensive review
    Chang SK, Alasalvar C, Shahidi F
    Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 2019;59(10):1580-1604.
    PMID: 29360387 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1422111
    The term "superfruit" has gained increasing usage and attention recently with the marketing strategy to promote the extraordinary health benefits of some exotic fruits, which may not have worldwide popularity. This has led to many studies with the identification and quantification of various groups of phytochemicals. This contribution discusses phytochemical compositions, antioxidant efficacies, and potential health benefits of the main superfruits such as açai, acerola, camu-camu, goji berry, jaboticaba, jambolão, maqui, noni, and pitanga. Novel product formulations, safety aspects, and future perspectives of these superfruits have also been covered. Research findings from the existing literature published within the last 10 years have been compiled and summarized. These superfruits having numerous phytochemicals (phenolic acids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, iridoids, coumarins, hydrolysable tannins, carotenoids, and anthocyanins) together with their corresponding antioxidant activities, have increasingly been utilized. Hence, these superfruits can be considered as a valuable source of functional foods due to the phytochemical compositions and their corresponding antioxidant activities. The phytochemicals from superfruits are bioaccessible and bioavailable in humans with promising health benefits. More well-designed human explorative studies are needed to validate the health benefits of these superfruits.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins/analysis
  4. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion and fecal fermentation reveal the effect of different encapsulation materials on the release, degradation and modulation of gut microbiota of blueberry anthocyanin extract
    Wu Y, Han Y, Tao Y, Li D, Xie G, Show PL, et al.
    Food Res Int, 2020 06;132:109098.
    PMID: 32331662 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109098
    In this study, four different selected wall materials (namely gelatin, soy protein isolate, maltodextrin and Arabic gum) were applied for blueberry anthocyanin extract encapsulation. The effect of these wall material types on the release and degradation of anthocyanin and the modulation of gut microbiota during in vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation were investigated. It was found that the encapsulation of anthocyanin extract using appropriate wall material could significantly enhance the colonic accessibility of anthocyanins. Soy protein isolate and gelatin delayed the release of anthocyanins, whereas the other two wall materials displayed no significant effect on the release time of anthocyanins. Gut microbiota mainly metabolized some phenolic compounds such as 4-hydroxycinnamic acid and chlorogenic acid. Meanwhile, different fermented anthocyanin extract microcapsule broth could significantly decrease the composition and abundance of Firmicutes and increase that of Bacteroidetes. Furthermore, the presence of anthocyanin extract microcapsules, especially those encapsulated with soy protein isolate, promoted the biosynthesis of short-chain fatty acids by gut microbiota. It is concluded that, amongst the wall materials studied, soy protein isolate appeared to be a functional and suitable candidate to delay anthocyanin release and prevent disease through the promotion of gut health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins/pharmacology*
  5. Fulltext Optimum Extraction Condition of Clitorea ternatea Flower on Antioxidant Activities, Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid and Total Anthocyanin Contents
    Jaafar NF, Ramli ME, Mohd Salleh R
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2020 Jul;31(2):1-17.
    PMID: 32922666 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2020.31.2.1
    Clitoria ternatea is a herbaceous plant with many health benefits. Extraction is crucial to obtain its bioactive components which contribute to its antioxidant properties. Therefore, this study was conducted to find an optimum extraction condition of C. ternatea flower on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging activity) as well as to determine its total flavonoid content (TFC) and anthocyanin content based on the optimum extraction condition generated by Response Surface Methodology (RSM)-Design Expert 7.1.5. TPC, TFC and total anthocyanin of C. ternatea were conducted by Folin Ciocalteu (FC), calorimetric assay and pH differential method, respectively. The ranges of selected independent variables were ethanol concentration (30°C-90% v/v), time (60-120 min) and temperature (30°C-70°C). The optimum extraction condition was obtained at 39.62% v/v ethanol concentration, 90 min and 44.24°C. However, these values were slightly adjusted according to the convenience of equipment to operate in which ethanol concentration was adjusted to 37% v/v, time remain at 90 min and temperature at 45°C. The predicted values of TPC and DPPH radical scavenging activity were 41.60 mg GAE/g dry samples and 68.12% inhibition and were experimentally verified to be 41.17 ± 0.5 mg GAE/g dry samples and 63.53 ± 0.95% inhibition of TPC and DPPH radical scavenging activity respectively. This result has showed RSM can optimise TPC and radical scavenging activity of C. ternatea. Upon the optimum condition, the TFC determined was 187.05 ± 3.18 mg quercetin/g dried sample which was higher than TPC and the total anthocyanin content was 28.60 ± 0.04 mg/L. Hence, the extractable phenolic, flavonoid and anthocyanin compounds indicated that C. ternatea is a good source of natural antioxidant.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins
  6. Fulltext Data of microwave assisted extraction and conventional hot water extraction of Dendrobium Sonia 'Earsakul' orchid flower
    Netramai S, Kijchavengkul T, Samsudin H, Lertsiri S
    Data Brief, 2020 Aug;31:105906.
    PMID: 32637506 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105906
    Crude extracts of fresh Dendrobium Sonia 'Earsakul' orchid flowers (DSE) were prepared using microwave assisted extraction (MAE; using household microwave oven) and hot water extraction (HWE; at constant 80 °C). The obtained DSEs were measured their absorbance at λmax of 543 and 583 nm and determined their total monomeric anthocyanin contents (TAC). Mathematical models of MAE of Dendrobium Sonia 'Earsakul' orchid flower were constructed using response surface methodology - Box-Behnken design. Studied parameters included flower to water ratio, microwave power, and extraction time, with absorbance at λmax as response. The data generated were 1) visible spectrum (400-700 nm) of DSE; 2) absorbance values at λmax and 3) TAC of DSEs obtained from various extraction conditions of MAE and HWE; 4) linear equations describing correlations between TAC and absorbance at λmax of DSEs; and 5) mathematical models of MAE of Dendrobium Sonia 'Earsakul' orchid.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins
  7. Acetic acid buffer as extraction medium for free and bound phenolics from dried blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) skins
    Azman EM, Charalampopoulos D, Chatzifragkou A
    J Food Sci, 2020 Nov;85(11):3745-3755.
    PMID: 32990367 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.15466
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different solvent and extraction temperatures on the free and bound phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of dried blackcurrant skins (DBS). Apart from acetic acid buffer solution, different solvent systems, including water, methanol, and mixtures of methanol/water, were also employed and the effects of solvent and temperature (30 and 50 °C) on the free and bound forms of anthocyanins, hydroxycinnamic acids, and flavonols yield were assessed. The results showed that among all solvents, acetic acid buffer resulted in the highest free anthocyanin content (1,712.3 ± 56.1 mg/100 g) (P
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins
  8. Fulltext Docking Studies and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Ipomoea batatas L. Leaves Compounds as Lipoxygenase (LOX) Inhibitor
    Yeni Y, Supandi S, Dwita LP, Suswandari S, Shaharun MS, Sambudi NS
    J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2020 Nov;12(Suppl 2):S836-S840.
    PMID: 33828386 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_103_20
    Background: Inflammatory mediators produced by cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways are responsible for many human diseases, such as cancer, arthritis, and neurological disorders. Flavonoid-containing plants, such as Ipomoea batatas leaves, have shown potential anti-inflammatory activity.

    Objectives: This study aimed to predict the actions of 10 compounds in I. batatas leaves, which are YGM-0a [cyanidin 3-0-sophoroside-5-0-glucosede], YGM-0f [cyanidin 3-O-(2-0-(6-0-(E)-p-coumaroyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside)-5-0-β-D-glucopyranoside], YGM-1a [cyanidin 3-(6,6'-caffeylp-hydroxybenzoylsophoroside) -5-glucoside], YGM-1b [cyanidin 3-(6,6'-dicaffeylsophor-oside)-5-glucoside], YGM-2 [cyanidin 3-(6-caffeylsophoroside)-5-glucoside], YGM-3 [cyanidin 3-(6,6'-caffeyl-ferulylsophoroside)-5-glucoside], YGM-4b [peonidin 3-(6,6'-dicaffeylsophoroside)-5- glucoside], YGM-5a [peonidin 3-(6,6'-caffeylphydroxybenzo-ylsophoroside)-5-gluco-side], YGM-5b [cyanidin 3-6-caffeylsophoroside)-5-glucosede], and YGM-6 [peonidin 3-(6,6'-caffeylferulylsophoroside)-5-glucoside] as LOX inhibitors, and also predict the stability of ligand-LOX complex.

    Materials and Methods: The compounds were screened through docking studies using PLANTS. Also, the molecular dynamics simulation was conducted using GROMACS at 310K.

    Results: The results showed that the most significant binding affinity toward LOX was shown by YGM-0a and YGM-0a, and the LOX complex in molecular dynamics simulation showed stability for 20 ns.

    Conclusion: Based on Docking Studies and Molecular Dynamics Simulation of I. Batatas Leaves compounds, YGM-0a was shown to be the most probable LOX inhibitor.

    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins
  9. Characterization of pH sensitive sago starch films enriched with anthocyanin-rich torch ginger extract
    Xue Mei L, Mohammadi Nafchi A, Ghasemipour F, Mat Easa A, Jafarzadeh S, Al-Hassan AA
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2020 Dec 01;164:4603-4612.
    PMID: 32941902 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.09.082
    The development of intelligent packaging based on natural and biodegradable resources is getting more attention by researchers in recent years. The aim of this study was to develop and characterize a pH-sensitive films based on sago starch and incorporated with anthocyanin from torch ginger. The pH-sensitive films were fabricated by casting method with incorporation of different torch ginger extract (TGE) concentration. The surface morphology, physicochemical, barrier, and mechanical properties as well as the pH-sensitivity of films were investigated. The film with the highest concentration of TGE showed the lowest tensile strength (4.26 N/m2), toughness (2.54 MJ/m3), Young's modulus (73.96 MPa) and water vapour permeability (2.6 × 10-4 g·m/day·kPa·m2). However, its elongation at break (85.14%), moisture content (0.27%) and water solubility (37.92%) were the highest compared to other films. pH sensitivity analysis showed that the films containing TGE extract, changes in colour by changing the pH. The colour of films changed from pink to slightly green as the pH increased from pH 4 to 9. Thus, the developed pH-sensitive film with torch ginger extract has potential as intelligent packaging for detection of food freshness or spoilage to ensure their quality and safe consumption.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins/analysis; Anthocyanins/chemistry*
  10. Fulltext Vibration-assisted forward osmosis process for Mao (Antidesma bunius L. Spreng) juice concentration: water flux enhancement and preservation of phytochemicals
    Sirinupong, T., Tirawat, D., Lau, W. J., Youravong, W.
    International Food Research Journal, 2020;27(6):1156-1166.
    MyJurnal
    The experimental water flux of the forward osmosis (FO) process is much lower than the
    theoretical flux due to the existence of the internal concentration polarisation (ICP), external
    concentration polarisation (ECP), and membrane fouling. In the present work, vibration was
    integrated with the FO process to enhance water flux in water and Mao (Antidesma bunius L.
    Spreng) juice concentration. In addition, the capability of the FO process in preserving
    phytochemicals was studied. The use of the vibration assisted technique could enhance the
    water flux up to 23% during the FO process of distilled water due to the reduction of ICP, and
    a much higher water flux enhancement (up to 70%) was attained during the FO of Mao juice
    due to the reduction of ICP, ECP, and fouling. Phytochemicals including total phenolic
    compounds, anthocyanin, and ascorbic acid were preserved up to 82.7, 72.6, and 95.9%,
    respectively. These results suggest that membrane vibration is a promising technique for the
    enhancement of the FO process performance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins
  11. The effects of polyphenols-rich tropical fruit juice on cognitive function and metabolomics profile - a randomized controlled trial in middle-aged women
    Rosli H, Shahar S, Rajab NF, Che Din N, Haron H
    Nutr Neurosci, 2021 Mar 05.
    PMID: 33666540 DOI: 10.1080/1028415X.2021.1880312
    Objectives: Polyphenols, particularly anthocyanins, have received attention in improving health issues during old age, including decline in cognitive function and other health parameters. We aimed to determine the effects of polyphenols-rich tropical fruit TP 3-in-1™ juice towards improving cognitive function, oxidative stress and metabolomics profiles among middle-aged women.Methods: This clinical trial involved 31 subjects with signs of poor cognitive function, as assessed using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). They were randomized to receive either TP 3-in-1™ juice (n = 16) or placebo (n = 15). Study subjects consumed 500 ml of beverages for three times per day, three days per week, for a period of ten weeks. Juice supplementation provided 9135 mg GAE of total phenolic content and 194.1 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside of total anthocyanin monomer.Results: There was a significant interaction effects on RAVLT immediate recall (p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins
  12. Fulltext Shading Effects on Leaf Gas Exchange, Leaf Pigments and Secondary Metabolites of Polygonum minus Huds., an Aromatic Medicinal Herb
    Mohd Yusof FF, Yaacob JS, Osman N, Ibrahim MH, Wan-Mohtar WAAQI, Berahim Z, et al.
    Plants (Basel), 2021 Mar 23;10(3).
    PMID: 33806923 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030608
    The growing demand for high value aromatic herb Polygonum minus-based products have increased in recent years, for its antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory potentials. Although few reports have indicated the chemical profiles and antioxidative effects of Polygonum minus, no study has been conducted to assess the benefits of micro-environmental manipulation (different shading levels) on the growth, leaf gas exchange and secondary metabolites in Polygonum minus. Therefore, two shading levels (50%:T2 and 70%:T3) and one absolute control (0%:T1) were studied under eight weeks and 16 weeks of exposures on Polygonum minus after two weeks. It was found that P. minus under T2 obtained the highest photosynthesis rate (14.892 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1), followed by T3 = T1. The increase in photosynthesis rate was contributed by the enhancement of the leaf pigments content (chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b). This was shown by the positive significant correlations observed between photosynthesis rate with chlorophyll a (r2 = 0.536; p ≤ 0.05) and chlorophyll b (r2 = 0.540; p ≤ 0.05). As the shading levels and time interval increased, the production of total anthocyanin content (TAC) and antioxidant properties of Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) also increased. The total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were also significantly enhanced under T2 and T3. The current study suggested that P.minus induce the production of more leaf pigments and secondary metabolites as their special adaptation mechanism under low light condition. Although the biomass was affected under low light, the purpose of conducting the study to boost the bioactive properties in Polygonum minus has been fulfilled by 50% shading under 16 weeks' exposure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins
  13. Fulltext Morus alba L. Plant: Bioactive Compounds and Potential as a Functional Food Ingredient
    Chen C, Mohamad Razali UH, Saikim FH, Mahyudin A, Mohd Noor NQI
    Foods, 2021 Mar 23;10(3).
    PMID: 33807100 DOI: 10.3390/foods10030689
    Morus alba L. (M. alba) is a highly adaptable plant that is extensively incorporated in many traditional and Ayurveda medications. Various parts of the plant, such as leaves, fruits, and seeds, possess nutritional and medicinal value. M. alba has abundant phytochemicals, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, flavonols, anthocyanins, macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, and volatile aromatic compounds, indicating its excellent pharmacological abilities. M. alba also contains high nutraceutical values for protein, carbohydrates, fiber, organic acids, vitamins, and minerals, as well as a low lipid value. However, despite its excellent biological properties and nutritional value, M. alba has not been fully considered as a potential functional food ingredient. Therefore, this review reports on the nutrients and bioactive compounds available in M. alba leaves, fruit, and seeds; its nutraceutical properties, functional properties as an ingredient in foodstuffs, and a microencapsulation technique to enhance polyphenol stability. Finally, as scaling up to a bigger production plant is needed to accommodate industrial demand, the study and limitation on an M. alba upscaling process is reviewed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins
  14. Fulltext Optical pH Sensor Based on Immobilization Anthocyanin from Dioscorea alata L. onto Polyelectrolyte Complex Pectin-Chitosan Membrane for a Determination Method of Salivary pH
    Safitri E, Humaira H, Murniana M, Nazaruddin N, Iqhrammullah M, Md Sani ND, et al.
    Polymers (Basel), 2021 Apr 14;13(8).
    PMID: 33919956 DOI: 10.3390/polym13081276
    A simple optical pH sensor based on immobilization, Dioscorea alata L. anthocyanin methanol extract, onto a pectin-chitosan polyelectrolyte complex (pectin-chitosan PEC), has been successfully fabricated. The optical pH sensor was manufactured as a membrane made of pectin-chitosan PEC and the extracted anthocyanin. This sensor has the highest sensitivity of anthocyanin content at 0.025 mg/L in phosphate buffer and 0.0375 mg/L in citrate buffer. It also has good reproducibility with a relative standard deviation (%RSD) of 7.7%, and gives a stable response at time values greater than 5 min from exposure in a buffer solution, and the sensor can be utilized within five days from its synthesis. This optical pH sensor has been employed to determine saliva pH of people of different ages and showed no significant difference when compared to a potentiometric method.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins
  15. Extraction methods of butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) flower and biological activities of its phytochemicals
    Jeyaraj EJ, Lim YY, Choo WS
    J Food Sci Technol, 2021 Jun;58(6):2054-2067.
    PMID: 33967304 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04745-3
    Clitoria ternatea or commonly known as 'Butterfly pea' has been used traditionally in Ayurvedic medicine in which various parts of the plants are used to treat health issues such as indigestion, constipation, arthritis, skin diseases, liver and intestinal problems. The flowers of C. ternatea are used worldwide as ornamental flowers and traditionally used as a food colorant. This paper reviews the recent advances in the extraction and biological activities of phytochemicals from C. ternatea flowers. The application of maceration or ultrasound assisted extraction greatly increased the yield (16-247% of increase) of phytochemicals from C. ternatea flowers. Various phytochemicals such as kaempferol, quercetin and myricetin glycosides as well as anthocyanins have been isolated from C. ternatea flowers. Clitoria ternatea flower extracts were found to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and antidiabetic activities which are beneficial to human health. Clitoria ternatea flower is a promising candidate for functional food applications owing to its wide range of pharmacotherapeutic properties as well as its safety and effectiveness.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins
  16. Fulltext Organic cultivation practices enhanced antioxidant activities and secondary metabolites in giant granadilla (Passiflora quadrangularis L.)
    Ramaiya SD, Lee HH, Xiao YJ, Shahbani NS, Zakaria MH, Bujang JS
    PLoS One, 2021;16(7):e0255059.
    PMID: 34310644 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255059
    Passiflora quadrangularis L. belongs to the family Passifloraceae which bears larger fruit with edible juicy mesocarp and pulp known as a good source of phytochemicals. Cultivation and plant management practices are known to influence the phytochemical compositions of agricultural produce. This study aimed to examine the influence of the cultivation practices on the antioxidant activities and secondary metabolites of the organically and conventionally grown P. quadrangularis. Findings revealed organically treated P. quadrangularis plants showed enhancement in their antioxidant properties and secondary metabolites profiles. Among the plant parts, leaves of P. quadrangularis grown organically possessed higher antioxidant activities compared to the conventional in all assays evaluated. The antioxidant activities in the edible parts of the P. quadrangularis fruit have also been enhanced through organic cultivation with significantly higher total phenolic content and DPPH in mesocarp, and the pulp showed higher total flavonoid content, DPPH and FRAP. This observation is supported by a higher level of vitamins and secondary metabolites in the samples. The secondary metabolites profile showed mesocarps were phenolic rich, the pulps were flavonoids rich while leaves showed good composition of phenolics, flavonoids and terpenoids with outstanding antioxidant activities. The common secondary metabolites for organically produced P. quadrangularis in different plant parts include 2-isopropyl-3-methoxycinnamic acid (mesocarp and pulp), myricetin isomers (pulp and leaves), and malvidin-3-O-arabinoside isomers (pulp and leaves). This study confirmed that organic cultivated P. quadrangularis possessed higher antioxidant activities contributed by its vitamins and secondary metabolites.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins/analysis
  17. Fulltext Exogenous application of moringa leaf extract improves growth, biochemical attributes, and productivity of late-sown quinoa
    Rashid N, Khan S, Wahid A, Ibrar D, Irshad S, Bakhsh A, et al.
    PLoS One, 2021;16(11):e0259214.
    PMID: 34748570 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259214
    Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) has gained significant popularity among agricultural scientists and farmers throughout the world due to its high nutritive value. It is cultivated under a range of soil and climatic conditions; however, late sowing adversely affects its productivity and yield due to shorter growth period. Inorganic and organic phyto-stimulants are promising for improving growth, development, and yield of field crops under stressful environments. Field experiments were conducted during crop cultivation seasons of 2016-17 and 2017-18, to explore the role of inorganic (hydrogen peroxide and ascorbic acid) and organic [moringa leaf extract (MLE) and sorghum water extract (sorgaab)] phyto-stimulants in improving growth and productivity of quinoa (cultivar UAF-Q7). Hydrogen peroxide at 100 μM, ascorbic acid at 500 μM, MLE at 3% and sorgaab at 3% were exogenously applied at anthesis stage of quinoa cultivated under normal (November 21st and 19th during 2016 and 2017) and late-sown (December 26th and 25th during 2016 and 2017) conditions. Application of inorganic and organic phyto-stimulants significantly improved biochemical, physiological, growth and yield attributes of quinoa under late sown conditions. The highest improvement in these traits was recorded for MLE. Application of MLE resulted in higher chlorophyll a and b contents, stomatal conductance, and sub-stomatal concentration of CO2 under normal and late-sowing. The highest improvement in soluble phenolics, anthocyanins, free amino acids and proline, and mineral elements in roots, shoot and grains were observed for MLE application. Growth attributes, including plant height, plant fresh weight and panicle length were significantly improved with MLE application as compared to the rest of the treatments. The highest 1000-grain weight and grain yield per plant were noted for MLE application under normal and late-sowing. These findings depict that MLE has extensive crop growth promoting potential through improving physiological and biochemical activities. Hence, MLE can be applied to improve growth and productivity of quinoa under normal and late-sown conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins/pharmacology*
  18. Fulltext Antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antibacterial activities of Clitoria ternatea flower extracts and anthocyanin-rich fraction
    Jeyaraj EJ, Lim YY, Choo WS
    Sci Rep, 2022 09 01;12(1):14890.
    PMID: 36050436 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19146-z
    Clitoria ternatea flower is a traditional medicinal herb that has been used as a natural food colourant. As there are limited studies on investigating the bioactivities of the anthocyanin-rich fraction of Clitoria ternatea flower, this study aimed to determine an efficient column chromatography method to obtain the anthocyanin-rich fraction from this flower and characterise its composition, antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities. Amberlite XAD-16 column chromatography was more efficient in enriching the total anthocyanin content (TAC) of the fraction with the highest TAC to total phenolic content (TPC) ratio of 1:6 than that using C18-OPN. A total of 11 ternatin anthocyanins were characterised in the anthocyanin-rich fraction by LC-MS analysis. The antioxidant activity of the anthocyanin-rich fraction was more potent in the chemical-based assay with an IC50 value of 0.86 ± 0.07 mg/mL using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay than cellular antioxidant assay using RAW 264.7 macrophages. In vitro cytotoxicity assay using human embryonic kidney HEK-293 cell line showed the anthocyanin-rich fraction to be more toxic than the crude extracts. The anthocyanin-rich fraction had more potent antibacterial activity than the crude extracts against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, and Escherichia coli. The anthocyanin-rich fraction of C. ternatea has the potential to be used and developed as a functional food ingredient or nutraceutical agent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins/analysis; Anthocyanins/pharmacology
  19. Pectin-interactions and the digestive stability of anthocyanins in thermal and non-thermal processed strawberry pulp
    Xing Y, Wang K, Zhang M, Law CL, Lei H, Wang J, et al.
    Food Chem, 2023 Oct 30;424:136456.
    PMID: 37267648 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136456
    This study investigated the digestive stability of anthocyanins (ACNs) and their interaction with three pectin fractions-water-soluble pectin (WSP), cyclohexanetrans-1,2-diamine tetra-acetic acid-soluble pectin (CSP), and sodium carbonate-soluble pectin (NSP)-in strawberry pulp processed by pasteurization (PS), ultrasound (US), electron beam (EB) irradiation, and high pressure (HP). Compared with the control group, the ACNs content increased to the highest level (312.89 mg/mL), but the retention rate of ACNs in the simulated intestine decreased significantly after US treatment. The monosaccharide compositions indicated that the WSP and CSP possessed more homogalacturonan (HG) domains than the NSP, which contains more rhamngalacturonan-I (RG-I) domains. The microstructure of US-treated pectin was damaged and fragmented. Comprehensive analysis showed that the retention rate of ACNs was closely related to the pectin structure, primarily reflected by the degree of linearity and the integrity of structure. These results revealed the structure-activity relationship between ACNs and pectin during pulp processing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins/chemistry
  20. Benefit of Asian pigmented rice bioactive compound and its implication in breast cancer: a systematic review
    Nafisah W, Nugraha AP, Nugroho A, Sakinah AI, Nusantara DS, Philia J, et al.
    F1000Res, 2023;12:371.
    PMID: 37854873 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.130329.1
    Background: Utilizing the bioactive compounds found in pigmented rice might significantly reduce the risk of breast cancer. This study aims to systematically review existing literature on the benefit of Asian pigmented rice bioactive compounds and their implication in breast cancer. Methods: Searches of the literature were conducted in two databases (Scopus and PubMed) for a systematic review. The keywords resulted in a total of 407 articles, consisting of 103 PubMed and 304 Scopus articles. 32 manuscripts were excluded because the article was over 10 years old. After excluding book chapters and non-English languages, we had 278 potential articles to be reviewed. After checking and screening the title and abstract and eliminating duplicate articles, then 66 articles were obtained. After the selection and elimination of the full-text manuscripts, finally 10 of them which met the inclusion criteria. Result: The included studies in this review were entirely based in Asia. The year of publication ranged from 2013 to 2020. Half of included studies used black rice extract, two used red jasmine rice extracts, and three used Korean rice extracts (black, red, dark purple and brown rice). All studies were conducted in vitro and three studies were compared with in vivo tests on female mice. The pigmented rice is mainly black, red, and dark purple rice, and contains a variety of peonidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-glucoside, γ-oryzanol, γ-tocotrienol, proanthocyanidin, cinnamic acid, and anthocyanins that may act as pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative, and anti-metastasis of the breast cancer cells. Conclusion: Pigmented rice is a beneficial food which possessed bioactive compounds that may have significant potential concerning a breast cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Anthocyanins/pharmacology; Anthocyanins/therapeutic use
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links